Morphine is the most widely prescribed opiate for alleviation of persistent pain; however, it is becoming increasingly clear that morphine is less potent in women compared to men. Morphine primarily binds mu opioid receptors, which are densely localized in the midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG). Anatomical and physiological studies conducted in the 1960s identified the PAG, and its projections to the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and spinal cord dorsal horn, as an essential neural circuit mediating opioid-based analgesia. Remarkably, the majority of studies since then were conducted in males with the implicit assumption that this circuit was the same in females; this is not the case. It is now well established that morphine produces gr...
Women are more sensitive to most noxious visceral stimuli, both in terms of intensity and frequency....
Mu-opioid receptor (MOPr) agonists, such as morphine, produce greater antinociception in male compar...
Genetic variations and gender contribute significantly to the large interpatient variations in opioi...
Morphine is the most widely prescribed opiate for alleviation of persistent pain; however, it is bec...
Opioid-based narcotics are the most widely prescribed therapeutic agent for the alleviation of persi...
Previous studies have demonstrated that morphine, administered systemically or directly into the PAG...
Anatomical and physiological studies conducted in the 1960s identified the periaqueductal gray (PAG)...
The midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG), and its descending projections to the rostral ventromedial m...
Morphine has been and continues to be one of the most potent and widely used drugs for the treatment...
Morphine has been and continues to be one of the most potent and widely used drugs for the treatment...
Previous studies have shown that tolerance develops to a greater degree in male compared to female r...
There is ample evidence that males and females differ markedly in their sensitivity to the antinocic...
Although a contribution of sex in opioid efficacy has garnered much attention, the confirmation and ...
There are sex differences in disease susceptibility, time of onset of symptoms, and drug responses. ...
Morphine is one of the most commonly prescribed medications for the relief of prolonged pain. Both b...
Women are more sensitive to most noxious visceral stimuli, both in terms of intensity and frequency....
Mu-opioid receptor (MOPr) agonists, such as morphine, produce greater antinociception in male compar...
Genetic variations and gender contribute significantly to the large interpatient variations in opioi...
Morphine is the most widely prescribed opiate for alleviation of persistent pain; however, it is bec...
Opioid-based narcotics are the most widely prescribed therapeutic agent for the alleviation of persi...
Previous studies have demonstrated that morphine, administered systemically or directly into the PAG...
Anatomical and physiological studies conducted in the 1960s identified the periaqueductal gray (PAG)...
The midbrain periaqueductal gray (PAG), and its descending projections to the rostral ventromedial m...
Morphine has been and continues to be one of the most potent and widely used drugs for the treatment...
Morphine has been and continues to be one of the most potent and widely used drugs for the treatment...
Previous studies have shown that tolerance develops to a greater degree in male compared to female r...
There is ample evidence that males and females differ markedly in their sensitivity to the antinocic...
Although a contribution of sex in opioid efficacy has garnered much attention, the confirmation and ...
There are sex differences in disease susceptibility, time of onset of symptoms, and drug responses. ...
Morphine is one of the most commonly prescribed medications for the relief of prolonged pain. Both b...
Women are more sensitive to most noxious visceral stimuli, both in terms of intensity and frequency....
Mu-opioid receptor (MOPr) agonists, such as morphine, produce greater antinociception in male compar...
Genetic variations and gender contribute significantly to the large interpatient variations in opioi...