Analyzing the heat transfer in a coke calcining kiln

This paper presents the heat transfer analysis in a coke calcining kiln based on a general three-dimensional model that has been developed for such systems. The overall model consists of four sub-models: freeboard energy, freeboard flow, coke bed energy and coke bed flow. These sub-models are linked using the parallel computation technique. All the phenomena involving heat transfer, fluid flow, turbulence and combustion are included in the model. The governing differential equations are solved by the CFD code PHOENICS. The six-flux method used in a previous version of the model was replaced by the zone method for the radiative heat transfer calculations. In this paper, the model is described in detail for the heat transfer analysis. It was used for the simulation of a pilot kiln for which experimental data are available. Results are presented for two cases. Model predictions compare favourably with the experimental data