Análise da efetividade do transplante renal na qualidade de vida dos receptores no estado do Rio Grande do Norte

This study was developed with the aim of analyzing the effectiveness of renal transplantation on quality of life of kidney recipients in the Rio Grande do Norte State. This is a descriptive study with longitudinal design, panel type with quantitative approach to data analysis. The Quality of Life (QoL) of chronic disease kidney patients before and after kidney transplantation was assessed by the WHOQOL-bref, The population consisted of patients in pre and post-renal transplantation, the sample had 63 patients older than 18 years. The study was conducted after approval by the Research Ethics Committee of the Onofre Lopes University Hospital, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, No. CAAE 0008.0.294.000-10. Data collection was performed at a referral center for renal transplantation in Rio Grande do Norte, from May 2010 to May 2013. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in tables and graphs. For statistical analyzes, Microsoft Excel XP and SPSS 15.0 software were used. The tests used were simple variance (ANOVA), t-test, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon test to compare means, and Spearman correlations. P values <0.05 were considered significant. The demographic data showed a predominance of people between 18 and 45 years (68.2%) with a mean age of 39.9 years (SD 12.2), male (63.5%), married (58.7%), with children (51.0%). Regarding the education level was observed that 49.2% of participants had completed primary school, and most did not engage in any work activity (90.4%) during the study period. Hemodialysis was the predominant renal replacement therapy (96.8%) and the average waiting time for execution of transplantation was 1.9 years (SD 1.9). Comparison of QoL before and after transplantation showed significant differences in all areas analyzed, demonstrating that kidney transplantation had a positive impact on QoL in chronic renal patients undergoing kidney transplantation. Sociodemographic factors did not influence the quality of life in this group of patients, indicating that transplantation was the main factor to explain the improvement in quality of life. Thus, the alternative hypothesis of the study was accept, that there is a significant difference in quality of life before and after kidney transplant. It is expected that the results of this study may contribute to the development of strategies to encourage organ donation and kidney transplantation processEste estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de analisar a efetividade do transplante renal na qualidade de vida dos receptores no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com delineamento longitudinal do tipo painel, com abordagem quantitativa de tratamento e análise dos dados. Para a avaliação da Qualidade de Vida (QV) dos pacientes renais crônicos antes e após o transplante de rim utilizou-se o WHOQOL-bref. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida após aprovação do Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa do Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, CAAE nº 0008.0.294.000-10. A população constou de pacientes em acompanhamento ambulatorial pré e pós-transplante renal, sendo a amostra composta por 63 pacientes maiores de 18 anos. A coleta de dados foi realizada no centro de referência para transplante renal no Rio Grande do Norte, de maio de 2010 a maio de 2013. Os dados foram analisados por meio da estatística descritiva e apresentados em forma de tabelas e gráficos. Para as análises estatísticas foram utilizados os programas Microsoft-Excel XP e SPSS 15.0. Os testes utilizados foram variância simples (ANOVA), teste t, Mann-Whitney e Wilcoxon, para comparação de médias, além de Correlações de Spearman. Valores de p