Despite a decline in new HIV infections in some countries supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), the total number of people living with HIV and requiring treatment continues to grow each year. If PEPFAR is flat funded in 2016, it will not be able to meet the growing demand for treatment, jeopardizing progress in curbing the global epidemic. Investments in PEPFAR must increase to expand access to treatment, which, in addition to saving lives, is highly effective at preventing new infections