Add to ORKGTwelve years after the discovery of the top quark at Fermilab's Tevatron, they are now finally beginning to shed light on this peculiarily massive quark. With 1-1.7 fb{sup -1} of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF detector, they are able to probe the knowledge of the top quark physics, and to search for signals of physics beyond the Standard Model. In this paper, they present results of measurements of top quark properties, as well as tests for the production mechanism of the top quark. They also describe CDF latest searches for beyond Standard Model couplings of the top quark. Finally, they present the most recent searches for direct production of new particles in the collected data samples