Tetrahedral mesh improvement via optimization of the element condition number

The authors present a new shape measure for tetrahedral elements that is optimal in that it gives the distance of a tetrahedron from the set of inverted elements. This measure is constructed from the condition number of the linear transformation between a unit equilateral tetrahedron and any tetrahedron with positive volume. Using this shape measure, they formulate two optimization objective functions that are differentiated by their goal: the first seeks to improve the average quality of the tetrahedral mesh; the second aims to improve the worst-quality element in the mesh. They review the optimization techniques used with each objective function and presents experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of the mesh improvement methods. They show that a combined optimization approach that uses both objective functions obtains the best-quality meshes for several complex geometries