DOIAbstract
Designs are being developed to produce diffraction-limited sources based on storage-ring free-electron lasers (FELs) for the VUV and soft x-ray regime and linac-driven FELs in the few {Angstrom} regime. The requirements on the beam quality in transverse emittance (rms, normalized) of 1-2 {pi} mm mrad, bunch length (1 ps to 100 fs), and peak current (1 to 5 kA) result in new demands on the diagnostics. The diagnostics challenges include spatial resolution (1-10 {mu}m), temporal resolution (<100 fs), and single-pulse position measurements ({approximately}1 {mu}m). Examples of recent submicropulse (slice) work are cited as well as concepts based on spontaneous emission radiation (SER). The nonintercepting aspects of some of these diagnostics s...
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