Paramagnetism and reentrant behavior in quasi-one-dimensional superconductors at high magnetic fields

The thermodynamics of quasi-one-dimensional superconductors in the presence of large magnetic fields is studied. When the quantum effects of the magnetic field are taken into account, several reentrant superconducting phases persist at very high fields. In the last reentrant phase the free energy change, the specific heat jump and the excess magnetization are estimated near the critical temperature. In particular, the excess magnetization is found to be paramagnetic as opposed to diamagnetic in weak fields and its sign is controlled by the slope of H{sub c{sub 2}} (T). The authors further generalize this result to the entire phase diagram (including all quantum phases) and to different physical systems using general thermodynamic relations which show that the sign of the excess magnetization {Delta}M of the superconducting state near H{sub c{sub 2}}(T) follows dH{sub c{sub 2}}(T)/dT. These relations provide a scenario for the evolution of the sign of {Delta}M from weak fields to strong fields