ITER structural design criteria and their extension to advanced fusion reactor blankets.

Application of the new low-temperature-design rules of the ITER Structural Design Criteria (ISDC) is illustrated by considering copper alloys that, according to recent data, are particularly prone to irradiation embrittlement at relatively low fluences at certain temperatures, Allowable stresses are derived and the impact of the embrittlement on allowable surface heat flux of a simple first-wall/limiter design is demonstrated. High-temperature-design rules of ISDC are applied to EVOLVE (Evaporation Of Lithium and Vapor Extraction), a blanket design concept currently being investigated under the U.S. APEX (Advanced Power Extraction) program. One version of this concept envisions the use of a series of parallel tungsten tubes (first-wall) that are cooled internally by lithium vapor, typically. at 1200 C. A single tungsten first-wall tube is considered for thermal and stress analyses by finite-element method