Moral reasoning of first- and second- year nursing students

初学時における看護学生の道徳性を知ることは教育方法を検討する上での資料となる。そこで看護学生52名を対象に1年次と2年次での道徳性の実態について調査を行った。回収数は1年次43部、2年次52部でいずれも有効回答率は100.0％で以下の結果が得られた。1) 社会的規範の遵守に関する道徳性を知るため自動販売機の使用方法についてたずねたところ、「正規の方法で購入する」と回答したのは1年次19名(44.2％)、2年次23名(44.2％)であった。2) DIT(Defining Issues Test)日本版のうち、3つの例話をもとに道徳的発達段階の分布を検討した結果、例話2では1年次30名(69.8％)、2年次40名(76.9％)が第4段階であった。例話1, 3においても1年次と2年次は同様の分布であった。以上より初学時の学習者は、他者との相互行為の有無により道徳的判断が変化する可能性を有していること、さらにその道徳的発達段階は1, 2年次ともに「法と秩序」志向の段階にあることが示唆された。The purpose of this survey was to clarify the moral reasoning of first- and second- year nursing students. Data were collected via questionnaire responses gathered from 43 nursing students of the first year and 52 nursing students of the second year. Morals and the level of moral development were analyzed from the perspective of the inclination of nursing students to use a soft-drink vending machine and the responses to three stories in which moral dilemmas were resented. These three stories were based on the DIT (Defining Issues Test) which has been developed for the Japanese adolescent. The results of the survey can be summarized as follows. 1. Nineteen of the first- year and 23 of the second- year nursing students expressed that they would buy a soft drink the right way. 2. Based on the second story, 30 of the first- year and 40 of the second- year nursing students were classified into stage 4 of moral development. For the first and third stories, the results were similar for the first year and the second year nursing students. The survey suggested that moral judgments could be changed by a mutual act with another person in nursing students in the first year and second year. In addition, it was shown that they had reached the stage of compliance with law and order in their moral development