Materializing music and sound in some phoenician and punic contexts

Music and sound would have been essential aspects of everyday life in Phoenician and Punic times. However they have been largelyneglected in the specialist literature, which has traditionally paid more attention to visual features of material culture and has ignored theother senses such as hearing. We begin this article by contextualizing our uses of specifi c terms such as music, sound, instruments andembodiment. We then describe the geographical and chronological framework of the materials selected, and fi nally we analyse theevidence of musical and sound production in the material record