Research on the Interaction Model of Stakeholders Involved in Calligraphy Education in Elementary School in Taichung

[[abstract]]本研究以書法教育之觀點，探討臺中市國民小學書法教育利害關係人互動模式之研究。本研究主要目的有三：一、瞭解並比較利害關係人對書法教育問題建構；二、檢證並比較利害關係人問題建構所援引之事實與價值論據；三、歸納問題建構結果並據以提出書法教學之政策建議。本研究首先針對研究方法論涉及的議題進行討論，並據以進行研究設計並實施。 本研究所採用的研究方法有文獻分析、半結構訪談與專家問卷調查。研究者根據文獻分析，彙整臺中市國民小學書法教育利害關係人之角色定位與影響，進而發展理論面的整合互動模式，再透過半結構訪談與專家問卷調查蒐集實徵資料，訪談所得資料經轉寫成逐字稿，再就所蒐集的資料進行分析以呈現研究結果。 為了有利於分析臺中市國民小學書法教育利害關係人互動模式之研究現象，研究者先針對全國書法教育推動的方式與影響因素進行探討，並提出相關的議題。其次，則就臺中市國民小學書法教育利害關係人互動模式之研究進行闡述。根據理論建構結果，本研究將利害關係人依據直接、間接及其他三種利害關係人角色進行分析，其對書法教育各有不同的影響。利害關係人對書法教育的影響又可分為有與無，以及優與劣等兩種面向，此兩種面向又可形成四個象限，據此實施脈絡則區分為倡導的途徑及不倡導的途徑。互動模式係以直接利害關係人為核心，間接利害關係人與其他利害關係人等不同利害關係人的互動關係。在互動過程中，利害關係人對書法教育推動方式會隨不同的認知產生不同的成效，分別為合作、衝突與冷漠三種互動模式。最後，提出書法教育的利害關係人在教育場域中解決衝突、避免冷漠與促進合作可能性評估。 根據研究結果的討論，本研究以書法教育、利害關係人與互動模式等三個面向，提出利害關係人觀點之書法教育改善策略，做為本研究之結論。此外，再分別針對教育行政機關與學校機關，以及後續研究等提出建議。[[abstract]]The subject of this research is to study the interaction between different stakeholders in elementary school around Taichung that are involved in the calligraphy education. There are three main objectives in this research, namely: 1. To understand and analyze the perspective and the views of the different stakeholders regarding calligraphy education. 2. To compare and construct the different arguments and viewpoints of the different stakeholders 3. To evaluate the different arguments and to suggest improvements to the calligraphy education system. For this study, we will discuss issues pertaining to the research methodology, study design and the implementation of calligraphy education. For this paper, a couple of research techniques such as writing analysis and semi-structured interviews with experts on this matter will be used to investigate and conduct the research. Researchers will analyse the literature, the role and the influence that the stakeholders have, before developing an integrated and interactive theoretical model and gathering more specific information through semi-structured interviews with the experts, collating the results of the interview into a manuscript before conducting further data analysis to present the findings. In order to benefit the analysis of the interactive models, the research will target and analyze the promotion of calligraphy education and its influence on calligraphy education as a whole, before making further discussions. Secondly, the research will make use of interaction models of the different stakeholders in elementary schools around Taichung involved in calligraphy education and elaborate on the findings. Based on the results, this research will study the influence of the stakeholders on calligraphy education in accordance with the degree of influence and the role of the different stakeholders. The influence that the stakeholders have on calligraphy education can be split into either having an impact or not, in some cases being beneficial and others being detrimental, hence using these four categories as markers, deciding whether the interactions are advocated or not. The interactive models will mainly reflect the direct influence of the stakeholders. During the interaction, depending on their knowledge on the promotion of calligraphy education, which will affect their success rates, the stakeholders will exhibit teamwork, feelings of apathy and also have conflicts with one another, which are the three modes of interaction in the models. Lastly, there will be an evaluation on the possibility of the stakeholders resolving conflicts, avoiding apathetic situations and working together during the course of education. Finally, based on the results of the discussion, this research will evaluate the current calligraphy education framework, stakeholders involved and their interaction models, and suggest policies or strategies to improve the framework of calligraphy education in elementary schools around Taichung area, concluding the research. In addition, suggestions targeted at educational institutions and government institutions can be made regarding follow-up actions to be taken.[[note]]碩