Study on the multi-sensing system based on the tin oxide pH electrode?

[[abstract]]In this study, the multi-sensing system based on the tin oxide pH electrode for the ion-determination was presented. With the advantages of the real-time supervisory control apparatus, the measured values could be displayed on the liquid crystal display (LCD) immediately. In this study, the basic sensor was the tin oxide pH electrode, which was fabricated by radio frequency (r.f.) sputtering system on the indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass substrate. Moreover, the major blocks of the system consist of the tin oxide electrode-based ion selective electrodes (ISEs), an analog front-ended readout circuit, a microcontroller with built-in analog to digital (A/D) converter. In addition, by the embedded system design, the measurement results can be transmitted to a portable system or computer through the Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART) interface immediately. According to the experimental results, the multi-sensing system has high performance and reliability for pH, K+, and Na+ detection.[[note]]SC