Examining the relationship between user entrepreneur’s organizational strategy and business performance

[[abstract]] 使用者創業理論(User Entrepreneurship)延伸領先使用者(Lead User)概念，明確指出領先使用者不只是能夠在現行市場中發現需求，自行解決問題從中獲益，更進一步說明領先使用者發現創業契機，會毫不猶豫成為使用者創業家。然而，目前理論皆只探討領先使用者如何成為創業家，並未有任何相關研究指出使用者創業家的組織策略如何影響新創公司之營運績效。因此，本研究彙整使用者創業之特色並以資源基礎理論為基本，整理出影響使用者創業組織績效之六項創業組織策略─互補性資產、行銷社團、報酬分配機制、持續創新能力、知識密集服務與智慧財產權制度；組織績效衡量則以平衡計分卡為本，符合使用者創業特色之四項衡量指標。 本研究以偏最小平方法(PLS)做統計運算，並將樣本分為使用者創業家樣本以及非使用者創業家樣本，發現不論是何種創業家，組織策略皆著重於新創公司擁有的互補性資產為主。而兩樣本最明顯的差異則在於前者重視行銷社團較後者明顯顯著，且在互補性資產中也較重視行銷能力、通路配銷以及與製造商的協調能力，明顯驗證使用者創業理論；雖然在其他四項構面並無明顯的影響效果，但同時也發現使用者創業團隊之組織營運績效的確比非使用者創業家來的佳，因此可提供有創業想法之人作為參考與依據。[[abstract]] This research aimed to discuss how user entrepreneur’s organizational strategy to helps performances. We developed a measure model of entrepreneur’s organizational strategy by applying based on the resource-based theory, lead user theory, and with user entrepreneurship characteristics to find six dimensions: complementary asset, marketing community, profit distribution mechanism, sustainable innovation ability, knowledge intensive service and intellectual property. Contrarily, the entrepreneurial business performance is measured by the perspective of balanced scorecard. After investigation of 228 entrepreneurs from Department of Economic Affairs of Taiwan, this study applied the approach of Partial Least Squares to verify the measurement validity of constructs and examine the relationship between entrepreneur’s organizational strategy and business performance. We found that the complementary asset comprised marketing, distribution, and manufacturing capabilities was the most important organizational strategy for entrepreneurs no matter who were user entrepreneurs or general entrepreneurs to enhance their business performance. But, the user entrepreneurs received significant performance contribution resulted from marketing community strategy than the general entrepreneurs did. However, the other entrepreneurial organizational strategies, that is, profit distribution mechanism, sustainable innovation ability, knowledge intensive service and intellectual property, were non-significant as the theoretical hypotheses stated. This research results not only supplement the emerging theory of user entrepreneurship but also have implications to those who want to a user entrepreneur.[[note]]碩