Design and implementation for the reverse iontophoresis and sonophoresis on the application of non-invasive sensing system for multi-metabolites

[[abstract]]糖尿病問題日漸嚴重，據估計台灣約有120萬患有糖尿病。糖尿病易引起其他疾病，如冠心病、腎臟病、中風等。台灣約有四分之ㄧ的原發性腎臟病因糖尿病所引起，因此日常監測非常重要。人血的取樣是主要的診斷與偵測對於疾病，但非常的不便、易引發併發症等等。為了提高患者的生活品質與降低併發症，無痛的非侵入多重生理感測系統是一個好的研究方向，尤其在最近幾年。因為糖尿病與腎臟病在台灣是個嚴重的問題，此研究重點在於糖尿病與腎臟病相關生理代謝物(葡萄糖、尿素)之監測。 主要的目的(1)設計一個低成本、可攜帶、電池驅動及可程式化的超音波與反離子透入法之驅動電路對於多重生理代謝物經皮抽取 (2)找出一個最佳化的超音波與反離子透入法組合對於經皮抽取葡萄糖與尿素。 結果：顯示準確、可攜帶、可程式、低成本的超音波與反離子透入法驅動電路，並且應用於葡萄糖與尿素經豬皮在滲透器上抽取。 結論:一個低成本、可攜帶、電池驅動、可程式的超音波與反離子透入法電路被設計出來並且有效的應用於經皮抽取葡萄糖與尿素。[[abstract]]Diabetes is a growing, global healthcare challenge. It is estimated that in Taiwan there are about 1.2 million people have diabetes. Diabetes causes blindness, visual impairment, cardiovascular disease, stroke and kidney failure. The prevalence of primary kidney disease among these diabetes patients was 27.4% in Taiwan, Therefore, routine monitoring is very important. In order to improve life quality of patients and avoiding physiological complications, painless non-invasive sensing system for multi-metabolites is the preferred research, especially in recent years. For the reason that diabetes and kidney disease are a serious problem in Taiwan, this study focused on the related metabolites (i.e. glucose and urea) corresponding to these two diseases. The aims of this study were (1) to design and fabricate a circuit of low-cost, portable, battery-operation and programmable sonophoresis and reverse iontophoresis device for multi-metabolites transdermal extraction and (2) to find out the optimum combination of sonophoresis and reverse iontophoresis for the non-invasive and transdermal extraction of glucose and urea. Results showed that the sonophoresis and reverse iontophoresis device was accurate, portable, programmable and low-cost. Furthermore, the device was capable of extracting glucose and urea transdermally and this was evaluation by the use of diffusion cell incorporated with porcine skin. In conclusion, a low-cost, portable, battery-operation and programmable sonophoresis and reverse iontophoresis device was developed in this study and it was able to effectively and transdermally extract glucose and urea.[[note]]碩