Social worker's advocacy in the judicial system:A study on domestic violence service center in court

[[abstract]]「社會正義」（Social Justice）乃社會工作共同認定的專業價值與使命，「倡導」（advocacy）則是實踐社會公平與社會正義的策略行動。在家庭暴力防治工作中，倡導家暴被害人的司法權益是法服處的核心目標，個案倡導（Case Advocacy）則是法服處社工重要職責，但關於社工個案倡導議題之研究卻相當缺乏。 為瞭解法服處社工個案倡導的現況，本研究旨在透過與法服處社工個案倡導工作之相關人（法服處督導/社工、受暴婦女、司法人員），從不同角度檢視法服處社工個案倡導的原因、策略、影響因素和成果。 為完成上述研究目的，本研究透過立意取樣，以半結構之個別訪談蒐集與7位法服處社工/督導、5位受暴婦女和5位法官的資料。其研究結果如下： 一、社工個案倡導的原因 歸納社工、婦女與法官之意見，認為社工倡導原因為「受暴婦女難以主張其個人權益」、「受暴婦女安全受威脅」、「法條認定與審理標準不一，剝奪受暴婦女聲請的機會」、「司法人員錯用法律」、「司法人員不友善的態度」、「司法程序冗長」、以及「受暴婦女搬遷，無法收到開庭通知」等七項原因。 二、社工採取個案倡導的策略 個案倡導策略依據衝突程度可分為無衝突策略、低度衝突策略和中度衝突策略。「無衝突策略」的內涵為提醒、討論、指導/給建議、示範、充權和促進關係；「低度衝突策略」為告知或提供資訊、諮詢/徵詢、交流，「中度衝突策略」則是爭取、說服和協商。 三、影響社工個案倡導的因素 影響因素可分為個人、組織、關係與程序四個因素，其中個人因素又可分為社工、司法人員、受暴婦女及相對人四個部分；組織因素則包括機構與司法單位。 四、社工個案倡導的成果 倡導成果的影響層面涵括受暴婦女、司法系統及社工本身。對受暴婦女的影響在於維護權益與增能；對司法系統的影響則是提昇法官審理的品質與速度、改變不友善的態度與程序、促使對個案權益的重視、以及肯定社工在司法場域的重要；對社工的影響為獲得司法與個案的認可與信任，以及學習更多倡導方法。 根據研究發現，研究者分別對「實務工作者」、「機構」、「社工教育」、「政府」及「未來研究者」提出相關建議。[[abstract]]"Social Justice" is recognized as the professional value and mission in social work, “Advocacy” is the strategic action in practicing social justice and fairness. In the work of preventing domestic violence, advocating domestic victims’ judicial interests is one of the core values, and Case Advocacy is important duty for social workers. However, there is little research literature about case advocacy in social work. In order to understand the current situation of social workers in practicing case advocacy, this study is based on interviews of supervisors and social workers in domestic violence service center in court, as well as battered women, and the judicial related advocates. The aim of the study is to investigate the motivation, strategies, impacting factors and accomplishments of social case advocacy. In order to achieve the above research purposes, this study uses purposive sampling, semi-structured individual interviews with seven supervisors/ social workers, five battered women, and five judges. The findings are as follows: First, to summarize the opinions of social worker, battered women and judges, regarding the motivation for social workers to advocate. They are as follows: “battered women struggle to assert their rights in the society”, ”battered women's safety threatened “, “different trial standards deprive of battered women claimants opportunities “, “judicial officers misuse the law “, ” judicial officers’ unfriendly attitude”, “lengthy judicial procedures”, and “battered women relocated lead to can’t receive court of notice”. Secondly, the case advocacy strategy can be categorized according to the level of conflict including non-conflict strategy, low-conflict and moderate-conflict strategy. The non-conflict strategy is implied to remind, discuss, instruct or give suggestions, demonstrate, empower and promote relationship. The low- conflict strategy is implied to inform or provide information, consult, and exchange views. The moderate-conflict strategy is implied to fight, convince and negotiate. Thirdly, the factors about social worker’s advocacy can be divided into four factors. This includes individual, organization, relationship and the judicial procedures. The individual factor involves social worker, the judiciary, battered women and the abuser. The organizational factor includes institutional and judicial units. Fourthly, the accomplishment levels of case advocacy are battered women, the justice system and social workers. For battered women, the benefit is to protect their rights and empowerment. For the justice system, the outcome is to enhance quality and efficiency, to change the judicial officers’ unfriendly attitude on battered women and the judicial procedures not favor for battered women, to promote judicial officers emphasis on battered women's rights, and commend the values of social work services in justice system. For social workers, the result is to obtain recognition and trust form judicial officers and battered women, and to learn more advocated skills. According to the conclusion, the researcher provides the relevant recommendations on the practical work of domestic violence prevention, organizations, social work education, government, and future studies.[[note]]碩