The Research of No Double Jeopardy Principle of Administrative Penalty in Taiwan

[[abstract]]按一行為不二罰原則，係指國家對於人民之同一違法行為，不得為多次之處罰，又稱「禁止雙重處罰原則」，其核心價值乃在於保障人民基本權利，避免國家對人民過度處罰。惟我國憲法上並無有關一行為不二罰之明文規定，故此原適用於刑事處罰之概念，是否亦適用於行政罰領域，向來成為爭議所在。直到司法院釋字503解釋之作成，肯認了一行為不二罰原則在我國之憲法地位，而行政罰法之制訂公佈，始明文確立了我國行政處罰上之一行為不二罰原則。 然而，歷屆大法官解釋與行政罰法均未對一行為不二罰原則之具體內涵作探討，例如行為數之認定？競合的方法？以致未能解決現行實務上之問題。因此，本論文將從一行為不二罰原則之法制發展及理論基礎作分析，並且整理我國實務上對行為數的認定標準，重新檢視該等標準之妥適性。此外，探討在大法官相繼作出釋字503號解釋與釋字604號解釋，為何仍無法解決實務上操作適用一行為不二罰的困擾？實然面與應然面為何無法一致？兩者存在何種差異？本論文將從一行為不二罰原則之實質內涵，深入檢討之，並期望找出解決方案，在行政目的與人民權利保障之間，取得一適當之平衡點。[[abstract]]In this paper, the author tried to sort and analyze the development in legal system and theoretical basis of “No Double Jeopardy Principle" and sought applicable scope and method of this principle in local scenario to allow administrative institutions keeping from difficulty in application, which could lead to damage of interests of citizens. It covered also the adequacy of certain provision under Administrative Penalty Act and the potential problems, and suggesting amendment prior any problem coming to its being. Through the observation of the practical application and theoretical basis, in both facts and procedures, it is hoped that solutions may come out, so that the Administrative Penalty Act may maintain its position in Administration by the Law and Protection of Human Right.[[note]]碩