The collaborative governance in local tourism— An observation on the Nantou Tourist Association

[[abstract]]近年來，「新公共管理」理論的興起，強調公、私部門之互動、合作與合產之重要性。新世紀的行政管理也說明應跳脫傳統上「政府」的思維，進而邁向「治理」的典範 。而有關「治理」的意涵，即是在創造健全與良性的互動關係，以因應個人及新興社會次級團體公共服務的需求，並與私部門形成夥伴(partnership)與互補的關係，始增進政府公共服務的職能。然而，觀光發展相關的研究上，大多還是環繞在以政府為主進行的治理關係，還是偏重於政府的角色探討，鮮少以民間團體做為核心來進行探討。因此，本研究有別於以往的治理的研究角度，企圖從民間團體的角度進行研究，探討是否能以民間團體做為網絡核心的角色來從事公共事務的推動。本文係以「南投縣觀光產業聯盟協會」為焦點觀察對象，透過網絡分析以及訪談進行相關性的研究。根據研究發現，研究者認為以民間團體做為治理的網絡的領導者，可以更使得政策執行符合民意，獲取正當性。而以民間組織做為治理網絡的核心，民間團體的自主性、主體性最為關鍵，其心態的強弱會影響民間團體與其他網絡行為者的互動良窳；其次，雖為網絡，各行為者之間彼此為夥伴關係，互動建立在互賴基礎上，但網絡中，各行為者之間還是具有本身應扮演的角色，只是不再為絕對性的角色分明，而是一種相對性的角色扮演，此角色分辨能使得網絡中的權責性更為明確。[[abstract]]More recently, the theory ‘Neo-public management’ has captured attention and the emphasis is to focus on the collaboration between the public sector and private departments. The ‘Neo-public management’ also represents a model of ‘governance’ instead of ‘ruling’. The aim is to create a good interactive relationship between the public sector and private organizations in order to fit the social service need for individual and neo-social subclasses, and further to improve the working sufficiency of the public sector. However, most studies of tourism development focus on the ruling model of administration, but rarely on private organizations. Therefore, this study proposed to investigate the role of private organizations in developing tourism. ‘Nantou tourist association’ was the organization used as the case in this study. The method was through network analysis and interview. The results showed that using private association as a leader of the network could make policies easily to process. In addition, private organization as a core of governed network, the autonomy of the private association was the most important role which could influence the interaction with other organizations. Moreover, the relationship between separate organizations is partnership which was built on trust, but each organization also has their individual effect that can clarify the responsibility among each organization.[[note]]碩