Status of PANS for bluff body aerodynamics of engineering relevance

This paper is a review of the use of Partially-Averaged Navier-Stokes (PANS) simulations for various bluff body flows of engineering relevance. The application range from flows around generic bluff bodies such as a finite cylinder to flows around simplified road vehicles, trains and landing gears. Active flow control of bluff body flow is one of important application of PANS discussed in this paper. Judgment of the PANS performance is made in comparison with LES and other numerical techniques such as DES and RANS. The review illustrates the success of PANS and its advantage over LES in several bluff body flows, such as the flow around a rudimentary landing gear and the flow around finite cylinder. It also shows that there is a need of improvement in existing PANS methodology with variable f<inf>k</inf> in flows with varying boundary conditions