Macro Basis Function Framework for Solving Maxwell’s Equations in Surface Integral Equation Form

The Macro Basis Functions (MBFs) approach is a form of domain-decomposition method applied to radiation and scattering problems solved by using integral-equation techniques. It enables a systematic reduction of the number of degrees of freedom, from that imposed by the discretization of the surfaces to that associated with the physical limits of field distributions. This paper reviews different variants of this approach, including the techniques for determining the MBFs and for fast calculation of their interactions. The link with Krylov-subspace iterative methods is described, the relationship between the surface of subdomains and the number of physical degrees of freedom is discussed and multi-level schemes are revisited. Finally, avenues for further research are outlined in the Conclusions section of this paper