Brukarens påverkan av energiförbrukningen i ett lågenergihus

When calculating the energy consumption for a low energy house the tenant’s behaviour is hard to predict and is not well defined in the calculation methods. Therefore the result can be misleading when the users behaviour don´t respond to the behaviour that was expected by the person calculating the energy consumption. This master thesis explains how the energy consumption can differ in terms of airing, hot water use and how different building solutions affect the total energy consumption in a multifamily house. This will lead to a better understanding of how calculations are made for low energy houses and how the results are going to be interpreted. In water calculations there are different calculation methods, one for conventional houses (Sveby: see chapter 3.1) and one for low energy houses (Feby: see chapter 3.2). The studied property is designed with Feby 09 which is now replaced with Feby 12. These three are compared with measured data from a number of different properties and none of them match perfect with the measured data. An alternative standard of 25 kWh/m2(BOA) are suggested instead. Opinions on how much hot water individual measuring and billing saves is discussed in the report. What emerges is yet to individual metering should be installed in new construction. The purpose is to be able to track where the energy is consumed. Energy losses due to airing are more complicated in calculations. The reason why people vent differs in the calculations for Sveby and Feby. This means that there is an interest to investigate which parameters that causes airing. To achieve an indoor climate were the user vents as little as possible, even during summer time, it is important with proper solar shading. If there is a lack of shading, the indoor temperature will rise as much so there is a constant need for airing during summer which probably results in increased airing habits even in the colder seasons under the year. Lack of shading also leads to large variations during the day. The user can prevent this in two ways. Either by open the windows a lot during a short time or open with a small gap during a long time. This thesis show that even small gaps can lead to large energy losses and also small gaps should be avoided as far as possible