(20(4):53-62)STUDIES ON THE IMPROVEMENTS OF QUALITY AND YIELD OF ASPARAGUS IN TAIWAN

綠蘆筍在植距20~50 cm範圍內，栽植密度愈密，單位面積產量愈高，株距20 cm處理比50 cm區可增產30%。綠蘆筍園冬季間作冷凍用菜豆，如另施間作物之肥料，不僅可多收一作冷凍用菜豆，而且翌年蘆筍嫩莖之生產量能增加5-6%；但如不施間作物之肥料，則間作處理區之蘆筍嫩莖生產力比不間作對照區減低15~20%。 綠蘆筍園之澗葉草類，以Monuron (1kg/ha）或Diuron (1kg/ha）之除草效果較佳；對於尖葉草類，以Lasso (1ℓ/ha) + Diuron(0.5kg/ha）混用處理及Monuron (1kg/ha）之除草效果較佳，而以Alicep (2.4kg/ha）之除草效果最差。本試驗供試除草劑種類及用量，對於蘆筍植株及在同年內新發生之嫩莖，均無外觀之藥害發生，但對嫩莖產量略減4~13%。因此在雜草發生少之季節或土地，不宜使用除草劑；但在雜草發生繁茂或人工除草不便之條件下，仍以適量使用適當之除草劑為得策。 Three experiments including (1) Plant spacing study, (2) intercropping study, (3) herbicide study were conducted under field condition with the objective of providing profitable information for asparagus growers to establish commercial production of green asparagus in Taiwan. Spacing study showed that increased yield resulted from reducing distance between plants, i.e. the closer plant spacing we used, the higher yield per unit acreage we obtained. The yield from the 20 cm spacing plot was 30% higher than that from 50 cm spacing plot. The intercropping of snap beans for processing in winter asparagus field showed to be profitable, i.e. not only get one more crop of snap bean but also get 5-6% increase in asparagus yield of next year, provided that extra fertilizer of intercrop was applied. Otherwise, the yield of spears from the intercropped plot would be decreased by 15-20% than that from unintercropped plot. Effects of several herbicides such as Diuron, Monuron, Herban, Afolon, Lasso, Alicep and their combination in asparagus field were evaluated. Monuron (1 kg/ha) and Diuron (1 kg/ha) showed to have remarkable control for broad-leaved weeds, while, the combination of Lasso (1 L/ha) + Diuron (0.5 kg/ha) and Monuron (1 kg/ha) showed good control for narrow-leaved weeds. And the herbicides and rates used in this experiment didn’t show phytotoxicity on old plant and new spears. Since these herbicides showed to have some slight influences on the yield of spears, the herbicides should not be applied in the season or no the land which weeds might be less vigorous. In case that weeds would thrive vigorously and costly, they would take water, fertilizer and light from the crop plants, the application of appropriate herbicide and rate seemed to be profitable. However the selection of appropriate herbicides, we should consider residual toxicity of herbicide in addition to the effectiveness of weed control, phytotoxicity on plants and yield of spears