(26(1):72-80)STUDIES ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE FUMIGANT CELPHOS AND PHOSTOXIN AGAINST GRANARY INSECTS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE GERMINATION OF SEEDS

PH3均有1.2ppm其後隨時問逐漸消失，至35天後賽好勝組尚有0.3ppm，好達勝組亦有0.2ppm。將燻蒸1週後之藥劑殘粉與殘粉與玉米粉混拌飼餵白鼠，一、在氣溫28oC，以賽好勝(Celphos)與好達勝(Phostoxin)於塑膠罩內燻蒸處理3天，用藥量分4、2、1、1/2片/M3，對稻穀中所埋之玉米象（Sitophilus zeamais）、穀蠢(Rhizopertha dominica)及擬穀盜(Tribolium castaneum)成蟲及卵均有顯著效果。 二、以好達勝現行推廣用藥量6片/M2，在加強水泥及磚造文化瓦倉庫之稻穀堆（散倉）60cm深處埋蟲後封倉燻蒸3天，結果除穀粒中部份卵未能殺死而繼續有成蟲出現外，對其他成蟲及卵均有燻殺效果。 三、稻穀、玉米、白菜種籽經賽好勝及好達勝燻蒸後，其發芽率並無明顯降低。 四、以塑膠布密封之稻穀經二種燻蒸劑處理3天後，經賽好勝4片/M3處理者PH3殘毒量達0.20ppm，玉米象成蟲死蟲率達95.3%；2片/M3處理者為0.10ppm，死蟲率達82.6%；1/2片/M3處理者為0.02ppm，死蟲率為13％。好達勝4片/M3處理之PH3殘毒量0.20ppm，死蟲率達90%；2片/M3處理為0.06ppm，死蟲率達55.3%；1/2片/M3處理為0.03ppm，死蟲率僅7.7％。 五、二種燻蒸劑燻蒸5天，分解崩壞殘粉中PH3餘量之測定，發現殘粉中含有結果處理組均死亡。 1. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of fumigants Ceiphos and Phostoxin against granary insects, the fumigation experiment of these two compounds were carried out in the plastic chamber at temperature 28°C. The test insects, both adults and eggs of Sitophilus zearnais, Rhizopertha dominica, Tribolium castanium were imbeded in the granary stocks and fumigated for three days at the dosage of 4, 2, 1 and 1/2 tablets! M3, respectively. The result showed that these two compounds gave an excellent effect for controlling the mentioned granary insects. 2. Another fumigation experiments were conducted in the several sealed warehouse with the exception of minor part of eggs in grain stocks could develop to adult stage. The most insects being imbeded 2-feet depth in granary stocks were killed by Phostoxin at the officially recommended dosage of 6 tablets/M2. 3. The fumigation of either Ceiphos or Phostoxin seemed not affect the germination of the grain, corn and seeds of Chinese cabbage. The germination rate of these treated seeds was not lower than the untreated ones. 4. The grain treated with above mentioned fumigants at dosage of 4, 2, 1/2 tablets/ M3 were remained the residue of 0.20, 0.06 and 0.03 ppm in Phostoxin and 0.20, 0.10 and 0.02 ppm in Ceiphos. The residual effect of Phostoxin gave adult mortality of 95.3%, 82.6% and 1.3% while Celphos gave the adult mortality of 90.0%, 55.3% and 7.7% respectively. 5. From the mouse feeding test, the remained fumigants which were exposed for one week, still be poisoned enough to kill mice