(21(2):103-117)THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE ANATOMY OF JUTE FIBER CELL AND RETTED FIBER QUALITIES

本研究以黃麻各品種(系)之植株莖徑，纖維細胞之組織，與其對纖維品質間之相關，舉行試驗期能從基本研究中，提供選育品種，栽培方法之依據，俾本省能以生產品質優良之黃麻纖維。 (一) 纖維細胞束 1黃麻每一纖維細胞束之細胞數，以FS-61-I-2098之26.62±10.22個為最多，臺農選1號之22.50±8.25個為最少，粗莖者顯著多於細莖者。2第一層細胞束中之細胞數均多於第三及第五層尤其中、梢部，第一層比第三及第五層多2-3倍。3纖維細胞束長、濶以TN-7-57為最大，臺農1號為最小，粗莖者多於細莖者。4細胞束羣之層數，粗莖者大於細莖者，基部多於中部，梢部最少，臺農選1號粗莖基部達11~13 層為最多。 (二) 單纖維細胞 1. 單纖維細胞直徑及膜厚，以長果種FS-61-I-2098之17.62±2.86及5.88±1.23μ最大；細胞長度則以TN-7-57之2618±639.31μ為最長，FS-61-I-2098之2196±549.33μ為最短，該品系之長幅比126.60為最小。2. 粗莖之細胞直徑及膜厚平均大於細莖，細胞長度則短於細莖，故粗莖之長幅比較小。3. 植株中部之細胞直徑、膜厚及長度均大於基、梢部，尤其細胞長度差異最為明顯，致中部之細胞長幅比162.64為最大。 (三) 纖維品質 黃麻臺農選1號、TN-7-57，臺農1號等3品種（系）之拉力負荷、耐屈力、長度及色澤等纖維品質差異不大，FS-61-I-2098則較遜。 (四) 纖維細胞組織與纖維品質間之相關 1. 纖維細皰束之澗度與纖維拉力負荷呈顯著負相關r＝-0.413. 2. 纖維細胞膜厚與纖維耐屈力呈顯著正相關r=0.587。3. 纖維細胞長度與纖維拉力負荷呈極顯著正相關r=0.563. 4. 細胞長幅比與纖維拉力負荷呈顯著正相關r=0.416. It is expedted that the basic investigation of the relation between the some anatomical characteristics of fiber cells and the qualities of jute retted fiber may offer the method of variety selection, cultivation. Thus, the better qualities of jute fiber may be obtained in Taiwan. 1. Bundle of fiber cells: (1) The cell number of each fiber bundle of jute is the mos numerous for the variety FS-61-I-2098, which is 26.62±10.22, and that for the variety Tainung No. 1. is the least one, 22.50±8.25. The cell number of fiber bundle for the bigger stem is significantly more numerous than the slender stem. (2) The cell number of each fiber bundle in first layer is more numerous than those in third, fifth layer; especially in the top and middle part of stem, the cell number of fiber bundle in first layer is 2-3 times that in third, fifth layer. (3) The length and width of fiber bundle is the largest for variety TN-7-57, and the least for variety Tainung No, 1. In general, the length and width of fiber bundle of bigger stem is larger than of slender stem. (4) The number of layer in fiber bundle group is more numerous for bigger stem than slender stem. The number of layer is larger for butt part, and the least of top part. The number of layer for the butt part of variety Tainung No. 1. which has big stem is 11-13. It is the most numerous. 2. Ultimate fiber cells: (1) The diameter and wall thickness of ultimate fiber cells is the largest for the variety FS-61-I-2098, 17.63±2.68μ, 17.63±2.68μ for diameter, and 5.88±1.23μ for wall thickness. The length of cell is the most long for variety TN-7-57, 2168±639.31μ. The variety FS-61-I-2098 has the least length of cell, 2196±549.33μ. The length breadth ratio for the latter, 126.60, is therefore the least one. (2) The cell diameter and cell-wall thickness for big stem are greater than slencer stem, moreover, the length of cell is shorter for the former. Hence the length-breadth ratio for big stem is also smaller. (3) The cell diameter, cell-wall thickness, and cell length for middle part of stem is larger than those of butt part and top part. Especially, the cell length is the most conspicuous. Hence the length breadth ratio of fiber cells in middle part, 162.64, is the most large one. 3. The breaking load, flex, retted fiber length and luster of Tainung selection No. 1., TN-7-57, and Tainung No. 1. are insignificantly different from each other. Those for FS-61-I-2098 is relatively weak. 4. The correlation between the anatomy of fiber cells and retted fiber qualities: (1) There is significantly negative correlation between width of fiber cells bundle and breaking load of retted jute, r=-0.413. (2) There is significantly positive correlation between cell-well thickness and flex strength of retted jute, r=0.587. (3)There is very significantly positive correlation between the length of fiber cell and breaking load of retted jute r=0.563. (4) There is significantly positive correlation between the length breadth ratio of fiber cells and breaking load of retted jute, r=0.41