(45(2):164-173)Effects of Planting Date and Density on the RhizomeYield and Curcumin Content of Turmeric Plant (Curcuma aromatica Salisb.)

本研究進行四期種植期（3月15日、4月15日、5月16日及6月15日）配合三種種植密度（83,000、53,000及40,000株／公頃）之試驗，探討其對薑黃根莖產量及品質的影響。試驗結果發現，植期對薑黃生長的影響較種植密度大，就主要農藝特性而言，3月15日至5月16日等三期種植之薑黃株高、葉長、葉寬、葉數、分株數、平均單株總分生子莖數、平均單株根莖乾重及薑黃素的含量均有較佳的表現，但6月15日較晚植者其上述八項主要農藝性狀表現均較差。種植密度間之影響比較，發現D2（53,000株／公頃）與D3（40,000株／公頃）處理，其平均單株根莖乾重均比D1（83,000株／公頃）處理高，但在本省此二種種植密度必須配合於3月中旬至5月中旬種植，薑黃方能獲得較高的根莖產量。Four planting dates each at 30-day interval from 15 March to 15 June were tested in combination with three planting densities each at 10 cm interval from 20 cm (83,000 plants/ha) to 40 cm (83,000 plants/ha) for their effects on the rhizome yield and quality (cur-cumin content) of turmeric plant. Experimental results indicated that time of planting played a more important role for the growth of turmeric plant than planting density. The performances of the plant height, leaf length, leaf width, leaf number, branch number, total finger sets number, dry weight of rhizome and curcumin content were found better in planting dates from 15 March to l6 May than 15 June. Higher dry weight of rhizome/per plant was found in D2 (53,000 plants/ha) and D3 (40,000 plants/ha) treatments than in D1 (83,000 plants/ha) treament. It suggested that two densties (D2 and D3) combined with the planting dates from mid Mach to mid May could be obtain a maximum rhizome yield in Taiwan