(51(2):1-16)Development of a Single-Cross Green Maize Hybrid Tainung No.4

食用白玉米台農4號為單雜交種，係由台灣本地種白玉米（台南白）品種，經自交分離所選留之自交系81TNW208-1-3-3-1（父本）及81TNW219-2-1-1-2（母本）雜交而成。母本81TNW219-2-1-1-2係由花蓮地區所蒐集之台南白族群經自交分離至S5所育成之自交系，具有生長強健，行數為八行、籽粒大、對亞洲玉米螟為中抗、及一般組合力高之特性；父本81TNW208-1-3-3-1係由屏東地區蒐集之台南白族群經自交分離至S5世代所育成，具有植株生長旺盛、長穗型、籽粒行數八行、籽粒大、輪生期之玉米螟抗性為中抗，一般組合力高等之特性。食用白玉米台農4號，植株外觀、株高及穗型整齊，穗長20公分左右，行數為8行居多，花絲為淡紅色，含苞葉鮮果穗產量較對照種台南白增產34 -39％；去苞葉鮮果穗產量介於7395～8271 kg/ha之間，較對照種（台南白）增產26～33％之間。對螟蟲之抗性，在輪生期及開花期均較對照種強；對南方型銹病、普通型銹病、葉斑病及煤紋病之抗性均為中抗；但對露菌病及MDMV-D為感病。適合於乳熟期至糊熟期前期採收，可獲得最佳之食用品質，採收之鮮果穗通常以水煮或碳烤，當作休閒食品消費。Tainung No. 4 is a single-cross green maize hybrid. Its parental inbreds are 81TNW208-1-3-3-1 and 81TNW219-2-1-1-2. The maternal parent 81TNW219-21-1-2 is a flint selected from the inbreeding progenies of Tainan-White (TNW) population from Hualien. The 81TNW219-2-1-1-2 has the characters of strong growth, row number up to 8, larger kernel, high general combining ability (GCA), and middle resistance to Asia borer. The paternal parent 81TNW208-1-3-3-1 is a semident selected from the inbreeding progenies of TNW population from Pingtung. The 81TNW208-1-3-3-1 has the characters of strong growth, long ear length, 8 row number, larger kernel, high general combining ability (GCA), and middle resistance to Asia borer in the whorling stage. The Tainung No. 4 is uniform in plant height, ear height, plant and ear type, 20 cm ear length, 8 row number, larger kernel, resistance to lodging, and with light red silk color. The ear fresh weight with husk and ear fresh weight were higher than those of CK of variety (TNW) by 34-39% and 26-33%, respectively. It also is resistant to Puccinia sorghi (common rust), Puccinia polysora (south rust), H. turcicum (causing north corn leaf blight), H. maydis (causing south corn leaf blight), and Asia borer, but susceptible to Sclerospora sacchari (causing downy mildew) and maize dwarf mosaic Virus-B strain. The Tainung No. 4 is suitable to be harvested from the milking stage to early dough stage and shows good taste quality whether for boiling or roasting