Periodic-orbit bifurcations and superdeformed shell structure

We have derived a semiclassical trace formula for the level density of the three-dimensional spheroidal cavity. To overcome the divergences occurring at bifurcations and in the spherical limit, the trace integrals over the action-angle variables were performed using an improved stationary phase method. The resulting semiclassical level density oscillations and shell-correction energies are in good agreement with quantummechanical results. We find that the bifurcations of some dominant short periodic orbits lead to an enhancement of the shell structure for ‘‘superdeformed’’ shapes related to those known from atomic nuclei