Intergenerational differences in educational approaches and points of view of mothers of young children

V teoretičnem delu magistrske naloge obravnavamo pristope na področju družinske vzgoje mlajših otrok, pri čemer začnemo z razvojem otroka skozi nekatere psihološke vidike in teorije, nadaljujemo z načini zgodnjega vzpostavljanja stika z otrokom, sledijo teme, ki se navezujejo na družinsko vzgojo, ter zaključimo z osvetlitvijo zgodovinsko-družbene pogojenosti vzgoje. Namen empiričnega dela naloge je bil raziskati medgeneracijske razlike v stališčih in praksi na področju družinske vzgoje mlajših otrok ter ugotoviti, ali pri stališčih in uporabi vzgojnih pristopov izobrazba matere igra pomembnejšo vlogo. Podatke smo zbrali s pomočjo anketnega vprašalnika, ki so ga izpolnile matere in babice predšolskih otrok vseh slovenskih regij. Ugotovili smo, da se je v času med obema generacijama povečala (ali vsaj ohranila) intenzivnost stika med materjo in otrokom, ki se vzpostavlja na področju odzivanja na dojenčkov jok, pri načinu spanja, preko telesnega stika in pri hranjenju/dojenju, kar je glede na mnenja strokovnjakov za otrokov psihofizični razvoj zelo ugodno. V zvezi s temami, vezanimi na vzgojo otrok, smo ugotovili povečanje miselnosti, ravnanja in pristopov, ki jih strokovnjaki načeloma ne prištevajo med vzgojno prakso z negativnim vzgojnim vplivom oz. jih zaradi spoznanj o pozitivnem vzgojnem vplivu zagovarjajo. V zvezi s stili navezanosti smo ugotovili, da se je zmanjšala zastopanost ne-varnih oblik navezanosti. Na podlagi teorije in ugotovitev v nalogi obravnavanih avtorjev smo ugotovili, da rezultati kažejo na povečanje naklonjenosti mater do vzgojnih pristopov, ki govorijo v prid psihofizičnemu razvoju mlajšega otroka. V določenih primerih k omenjenemu trendu še dodatno pripomore materina (višja) izobrazba.The theoretical part of the present Master\u27s thesis addresses different approaches to family upbringing of young children. The thesis starts out by focusing on the development of the child through specific psychological aspects and theories, and continues with describing different kinds of early ways of making contact with a child. Subsequently, the thesis outlines various aspects of family upbringing and concludes with some socio-historical aspects of upbringing. The empirical part of the thesis researches intergenerational differences in ways of thinking and practices of bringing up young children. It also examines whether the mother\u27s education influences or plays a significant part in those practices. All the data was collected among mothers and grandmothers of preschool children in Slovenia who responded to a questionnaire. The questionnaire reveals that in the timespan between both generations, the intensity of the connection between the mother and the child intensified or remained the same. This was measured through the response to a child\u27s crying, sleeping habits, physical contact and feeding/breastfeeding. According to experts, the latter has an extremely positive effect on the psycho-physical development of a child. In terms of education and upbringing of children, there seems to be an increase in mindsets, approaches and different handlings that experts usually do not consider as negative approaches to education or upbringing or are actually defending such approaches because of recent scientific findings. As regards different styles of attachment, we concluded that the so-called insecure attachment has decreased. On the basis of theoretical aspects and the findings of the thesis, we discovered that the results show a positive response of mothers to approaches that are based on the psycho-physical development of young children. In specific cases, the aforementioned tendency is additionally supported by the mother\u27s higher education status