Healthy Nutrition in Residential Care Institutions

Zdrava in uravnotežena prehrana odločilno vplivata na zdravstveno stanje. V magistrskem delu smo obravnavali zdravo prehrano oseb z motnjami v duševnem razvoju v socialno varstvenem zavodu dr. Marijana Borštnarja (ZUDV). Omejili smo se na mleko in mlečne izdelke. Raziskava je potekala v treh delih. Prvi del raziskave je vseboval kvantitativno analizo podatkov, pridobljenih s pomočjo anonimnih anketnih vprašanj, ki so jih podali zaposleni. Primerjali smo odgovore zaposlenih, ki delajo na oddelku, kjer bivajo osebe mlajše od 25 let z odgovori zaposlenih, ki delajo na oddelku, kjer bivajo osebe starejše od 25 let. Vrednost p < 0,05 je določala statistično pomembnost. Med oddelkoma različnih starostnih obdobij ni statistično pomembnih razlik. Drugi del raziskave je bila kvalitativna analiza, ki je potekala s pomočjo polstrukturiranega intervjuja z osebami, ki sestavljajo jedilnike. V tretjem delu raziskave smo želeli ugotoviti trenutno stanje vnosa hranil, zaužitih z mlečnimi izdelki. Vnos mlečnih izdelkov smo izračunali na podlagi analize celodnevnih obrokov pet dni zapored. Celodnevni energijski vnos mlečnih izdelkov je bil tri dni v času naših merjenj nad 400 kcal, kar je glede na priporočila o vnosu mleka previsoko. Vnos beljakovin z mlečnimi izdelki je tretji in četrti dan merjenj presegal priporočeno vrednost 95,42 g. Vsebnosti ogljikovih hidratov so bile vse dni nad 28,95 g, kar ni skladno s priporočili. Previsoke vrednosti vnosa hranil so se kazale predvsem ob neupoštevanju normativov porcioniranja hrane ter v dnevih, ko so bili mlečni izdelki vključeni v tri obroke dnevno.A healthy and balanced diet has a significant effect on health. This MSc thesis discusses a healthy diet of people with mental health disorders in the Dr. Marijan Borštnar Care Home (ZUDV), and focuses on milk and dairy products. The research consisted of three phases. The first phase included a quantitative analysis of data acquired with an anonymous survey carried out among the personnel. We compared answers of the personnel working in a department taking care of persons younger than 25 years with the answers of the personnel working in a department taking care of persons older than 25 years. The value p < 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. The departments with different age groups showed no statistically significant differences. The second phase of the research included a qualitative analyses carried out with a semi-structured interview with those responsible for menu planning. The goal of the third phase was to determine the current nutritional values of the consumed milk products. The intake of milk products was calculated by analysing every meal consumed in a day for five consecutive days. On three days the daily caloric intake of milk products was above 400 kcal, being too high in accordance with the milk consumption guidelines. On the third and fourth day, the intake of milk protein exceeded the recommended value of 95.42 g. The daily intake of carbohydrates exceeded 25.95 g throughout the analysis period, not complying to the recommendations. The excessive nutritional values resulted especially from the non-compliance with food-portioning standards and / or from including milk products in three meals per day