THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT SOIL TILLAGE ON ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT IN RAPE

V diplomskem delu smo vrednotili, kako vplivajo različni načini obdelave oljne ogrščice na okolje. Izračunali smo ekološki odtis, izpust ogljikovega dioksida in potencial globalnega segrevanja (GWP). Pri raziskovanju smo primerjali tri načine obdelave tal: konvencionalno obdelavo, konzervirajočo obdelavo in direktno setev, z namenom ovrednotiti, kateri način obdelave tal pri pridelavi oljne ogrščice je najprimernejši z okoljskega vidika. Praktični poskus se je izvedel na posestvu Perutnine Ptuj d.d. v kraju Podova. Rezultati kažejo, da je največjo obremenitev za okolje prinesla konvencionalna obdelava, z ekološkim odtisom (Sustainable Process Index oziroma SPI) 41,7 gha, sledita ji konzervirajoča obdelava, s SPI 37,6 gha in direktna setev s SPI 36,6 gha, ki je bila za okolje najmanj obremenjujoča. Pri primerjavi količine izpustov CO2 na enoto pridelka smo ugotovili, da je bil ta enak pri konvencionalni obdelavi in direktni setvi (0,46 kg/enoto) ter manjši pri konzervirajoči obdelavi (0,34 kg/enoto). Pri primerjavi obremenitve GWP na enoto proizvoda oljne ogrščice smo ugotovili, da je bila ta največja pri konvencionalni obdelavi tal (4,17 kg/enoto), manjša pri direktni setvi (1,94 kg/enoto) ter najmanjša pri konzervirajoči obdelavi tal (1,59 kg/enoto). Primerjava SPI na enoto pridelka pa je pokazala, da je ta največji pri direktni setvi (133,56 m2/enoto), nekoliko manjši pri konvencionalni obdelavi tal (126 m2/enoto) ter najmanjši pri konzervirajoči obdelavi tal (97,58 m2/enoto). Zaključujemo, da se je v tem poskusu konzervirajoč način obdelave tal izkazal za najprimernejšega.We explored the impact of different ways of tillage of rapeseeds production on the environment. Our main goals were to determine the ecological footprint, emissions of carbon dioxide and amount of global warming potential (GWP) in the comparison of three different types of tillage: conventional, conservational and direct drilling method of tillage. The purpose of thesis was to determine which method of rapeseed production is the most appropriate from an environmental and from an economic stand point. The experiment was carried out on an estate of Perutnina Ptuj d.d. in Podova. We determined that conventional tillage brought maximum load for the environment with the Sustainable Process Index (SPI) of 41.7 gha, followed by conversational tillage with SPI 37.6 gha. Direct drilling type tillage with SPI 36.6 gha brought the least burden on the environment. Comparison of the emissions of carbon dioxide per one unit of product showed that the amount is the same in conventional tillage and direct drilling type tillage (0.46 kg/unit), and smaller with conversational tillage (0.34 kg/unit). When we compared GWP per unit of produced rapeseed we determined that conventional tillage had the biggest value (4.17 kg/unit), followed by direct drilling type tillage (1.94 kg/unit) and conversational tillage (1.59 kg/unit). Comparison of SPI showed that the biggest amount comes when using direct drilling type tillage (133.56 m2/unit), followed by a bit smaller SPI in conventional tillage (126 m2/unit) and with the conversational tillage (97.58 m2/unit) at the end. We conclude that the usage of conversational tillage type is the most appropriate