THE ANNE STUART PERIOD IN UNITED KINGDOM

Diplomska naloga bo predstavila kraljico Ano Stuart in Združeno kraljestvo v obdobju njenega vladanja ter dogodke, zaradi katerih je zasedla prestol. Leta 1688 v odmevni, t.i. Slavni revoluciji, s prestola odstavijo Jakoba II. in na njegovo mesto postavijo njegovega zeta, Viljema III. Oranjskega, ki skupaj z ženo Marijo II. podpiše Listino pravic. S podpisom le-te je parlament pridobil izključno pravico do obdavčevanja prebivalstva in vzdrževanja vojske, in s tem najvišjo zakonodajno oblast v državi, pri čemer je kralj obdržal izvršilno oblast. Od države se je prav tako ločila sodna oblast. Leta 1702 Viljema III. Oranjskega na prestolu nasledi Ana Stuart, zadnja iz te dinastije. Čeprav so jo nekateri označevali za slaboumno, se je izkazala tako v notranji kot tudi v zunanji politiki. Ker se je zavedala svojega pomanjkljivega znanja o vodenju države, se je obdala z ljudmi, ki jim je zaupala in so se dobro znašli v državnih poslih. Leta 1707 je združila angleški in škotski parlament. Z združitvijo obeh parlamentov je nastalo Kraljestvo Velike Britanije, Angleži in Škoti pa so se imenovali Britanci. V zunanji politiki je Ana s pomočjo vojvode Marlborougha uspešno in za Britance ugodno zaključila boje v Španski nasledstveni vojni. Umrla je leta 1714 in z njo se je vladavina Stuartov na Otoku zaključila.The paper presents the Queen Anne Stuart and the United Kingdom during her reign together with events, which led to her ascending the throne. In 1688, The Glorious (Bloodless) Revolution in England overthrew King James II who was substituted by his son-in-law, William III of Orange-Nassau, who together with his wife Mary II signed the Bill of Rights. By signing the document, the Parliament got the exclusive rights to taxation, control over the army, and at the same time the highest legislative authority in the country, whereas the king retained the executive power. Judicial authority was also separated from the state. In 1702, William III was succeeded by Anne Stuart, the last ruler of the Stuart dynasty. Although she was labelled as half-witted, she was successful in both domestic and foreign policy. She was aware of her lack of knowledge on state affairs, therefore she employed people whom she trusted and who were skilful in governance. In 1707, English and Scottish Parliament joined in one. By combining the two parliaments, the sovereign Kingdom of Great Britain was formed, while the English and the Scots became British. With the help of the Duke of Marlborough, Anne successfully and beneficially for the British finished the battles in the Spanish Succession War. She died in 1714 and the reign of the Stuarts ended