ULTRASONIC MEASSUREMENT OF WINDSPEED AND DIRECTION

Cilj diplomske naloge je izdelava anemometra – senzorja za meritev hitrosti in smeri vetra na podlagi merjenja ultrazvoka v zraku. Meritev hitrosti zraka poteka na podlagi hitrosti razširjanja ultrazvočnega valovanja med oddajnikom in sprejemnikom ultrazvoka. Ker na to hitrost vpliva tudi hitrost gibanja medija – zraka, po katerem se ultrazvok razširja, se na podlagi meritve hitrosti razširjanja valovanja lahko izračuna tudi hitrost gibanja zraka, kar je cilj meritve. Določitev smeri vetra se določi na podlagi meritve hitrosti vetra v vseh treh prostorskih smereh in seštevka posameznih komponent v sumo, ki predstavlja skupno smer vetra. Prednost ultrazvočne meritve vetra pred klasično mehansko meritvijo je v tem, da takšna meritev nima gibajočih delov, na katere lahko vpliva obraba materiala, manjši pa je tudi vpliv zunanjih dejavnikov, ki vplivajo na meritev, kot npr. nabiranje žleda, snega.This thesis presents the development of anemometer – sensor for measuring wind speed and direction, which is based on ultrasound measurement. The process of measurement is based on measurement of time, that ultrasound takes between transmitter and receiver. As this time is dependant also on speed of moving medium – in our case air, we can calculate the speed of medium, as it is goal of the measurement. To determine the direction of wind, we have to measure the wind speed in all three spacial direction, getting tree spacial components of wind, based on which we can determine direction. Advantages of ultrasonic wind speed measurement is, that is have no moving mechanical parts and thus less influenced by external circumstances as snow, rain, ice