THE COMPARISON OD ABSENTEEISM BETWEEN BLUE-COLLAR AND WHITE-COLLAR WORKERS IN MEDIUM-SIZED COMPANIES

POVZETEK Vsakemu izmed nas delo predstavlja velik ter pomemben del življenja. Omogoča nam predvsem preživetje, za marsikoga pa je tudi vir veselja in zadovoljstva, pogostokrat tudi smisla življenja. Delavec je lahko pri svojem delu uspešen le, če je izpolnjena večina pogojev za dobro, uspešno in varno delo. Podjetja, ki se zavedajo pomena zaposlenih za uspeh celotne organizacije in se zanje zavzemajo, poskrbijo, da ustvarijo varno in zdravju prijazno delovno okolje. V vseh podjetjih pa žal ni tako. Delodajalci želijo, da je čim več dela opravljenega v čim krajšem času. Ena od posledic je povečana bolniška odsotnost. Bolniška odsotnost ne predstavlja težave samo za delodajalce, temveč tudi za državo, ki ima zaradi odsotnosti z dela dodatne stroške v obliki nadomestil. V teoretičnem delu smo s pomočjo strokovne literature osvetlili pojme proizvodni delavec, režijski delavec in bolniška odsotnost. Podrobneje smo opredelili vrste bolniške odsotnosti, vzroke za nastanek bolniške odsotnosti, vpliv fizične in psihične obremenjenosti na delavca, najpogostejše poklicne bolezni in poškodbe pri delu, dejavnike, ki vplivajo na zdravje, pravico do nadomestila v času bolniške odsotnosti, ukrepe za zmanjšanje bolniške odsotnosti, načine preverjanja bolniške odsotnosti, zlorabe bolniške odsotnosti in promocijo zdravja pri delu. V empiričnem delu pa smo predstavili rezultate raziskave, ki smo jo izvedli na vzorcu 20 srednje velikih proizvodnih podjetjih v Sloveniji. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da se bolniška odsotnost med proizvodnimi in režijskimi delavci razlikuje v več točkah.ABSTRACT For every one of us, work represents a big and important part of life. Primarily, it helps us survive, but it can also be a source of happiness and satisfaction, many times even life meaning. Employees can be successful at work only when most of the conditions for work quality, success and safety are satisfied. Companies which are aware of the importance of their employees for the success of the whole establishment and support them, endeavour towards a safe and healthy working environment. However, not all companies follow this practice. Employers want their employees to do the most work in the shortest time. One of the consequences is an increase in sick leave. Sick leave does not only cause troubles to employers, but also to the state, as it involves additional costs in form of sick pay. In the theoretical part, we have explained the concepts of production worker, administrative worker and sick leave with the help of specialised literature. We have further defined sick leave types, reasons for sick leave, the influence of physical and mental exhaustion on the employee, most common occupational diseases and injuries, factors influencing health, the right to receive sick pay during sick leave, measures to reduce sick leave, ways of monitoring sick leave, sick leave abuse and workplace health promotion. In the empirical part, we have presented the findings of the study conducted on 20 medium-sized production companies in Slovenia. The findings show that sick leave among production and administrative workers differs in several aspects