PREVENTION AND EARLY DETECTION OF LUNG CANCER

Pljučni rak je ena izmed najpogostejših rakavih bolezni današnjega časa. Uvrstimo ga lahko med bolezni, ki so svetovno najbolj smrtne. Pri pisanju diplomskega dela smo uporabili opisno metodo dela. Opisali smo, kako zgodaj prepoznati pljučnega raka in kako preprečiti, da bi za njim zboleli, ko smo že izpostavljeni škodljivim dejavnikom tveganja. Za njegovo obvladovanje je pomembna preventiva, in ker je največji škodljivi dejavnik za njegov nastanek predvsem kajenje, je naloga zdravstvenih delavcev, da posameznika spodbujajo k prenehanju kajenja. Ljudi, ki ne kažejo znakov pljučnega raka, vabimo v sklopu preventive na presejalne teste. Spoznali smo, da je aktivno kajenje glavni dejavnik tveganja, ki vodi do nastanka pljučnega raka. Prav tako škodujeta pasivno kajenje in izpostavljenost karcinogenim snovem, kot sta radon in azbest, ki se nahajata predvsem v delovnih okoljih. Izredno pomembno je zgodnje odkrivanje pljučnega raka, kajti ko opazimo znake, je bolezen v večini primerov že napredovala.Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers of our time. It can be considered among the diseases that are the world\u27s most deadly. When writing the thesis, we used descriptive method of work. We have presented how to early detect lung cancer and how to prevent suffering from it, when we are already exposed to risk factors. Prevention is important for manageing lung cancer. Because smoking is the biggetst risk factor for developing lung cancer, nurses have to encourage individuals to stop smoking. People who do not show signs of lung cancer, but are exposed to risk factors, are invited to screening. We have also learned that active smoking is the main risk factor that can lead to lung cancer. Other risk factors are passive smoking and exposure to carcinogens, such as radon and asbestos, which are primarily located in work environments. We have found that early detection of lung cancer is really important, because when we start to recognize symptoms, the disease is in many cases already well advanced