Mass and density in Technique lessons in the Elementary School

Pri raznih predmetih v osnovni šoli se učitelji in učenci srečujejo s primerjanjem mase in gostote različnih snovi. Pri tem uporabljajo različne metode in vrste tehtnic, med drugim tudi vzvodno tehtnico. V diplomski nalogi bo v teoretičnem delu izpostavljen razvoj tehtnic skozi čas s poudarkom predvsem na razvoju in uporabi vzvodne tehtnice. V praktičnem delu pa sem se osredotočil na načrtovanje, izdelavo in uporabo vzvodnih tehtnic pri pouku. V diplomskem delu bom tako v teoretičnem delu preučil razvoj tehtnic skozi čas z vidika tehnike in tehnologije v osnovni šoli. Preučil bom tudi predmetnik oz. učne načrte za predmete spoznavanje okolja, matematika, naravoslovje in tehnika ter tehnika in tehnologija. Poleg tega bom pregledal še različice tehtnic in vrste materialov, ki jih lahko uporabim za izdelavo tehtnice. Izdelal bom primer vzvodne tehtnice, ki bo služila za eksperimentiranje v razredu. V empiričnem delu bom izvedel opazovanje in predstavil podatke na osnovi preizkušanja hipotez.At different subjects in elementary schools, teachers and pupils compare the mass and the density of a variety of substances. In doing so, they use different techniques and types of scales, inter alia, a balance scale. The theoretical part of the following diploma explains the evolution of the scale through the ages, particularly focusing on the development and the use of the balance scale. The empirical part of the diploma emphasises the process of designing, creating and the use of balance scales in education. Therefore, the theoretical part of the diploma was devoted to studying the development of the balance scale through the ages and its use in the Technique class. I will also analyse the syllabus or the curriculum of the following subjects: Nature study, Maths, Natural sciences and technique, and Technique and technology. Moreover, I will also analyse some possible models of scales and types of material, which could be used to make a balance scale. I will make a balance scale, appropriate for carrying out experiments in the classroom. In the empirical part of the diploma, I will carry out an observation and present the data, gathered during the testing of the hypothesis