Housing in ancient Rome

Diplomsko delo z naslovom Bivalni prostori Rimljanov predstavlja stanovanjsko kulturo Rimljanov. V več stoletij dolgem razvoju je rimska arhitektura razvila več tipov stanovanjskih stavb. Predstavljena so skromna bivališča iz obdobja nastajanja rimske države, ki so se nato pod etruščanskim in grškim vplivom razvila v izredno udobno atrijsko hišo, domus, ki je bila značilna rimska družinska hiša. Naraščanje števila prebivalstva v Rimu in omejen prostor znotraj obzidja sta prisilila Rimljane v iskanje drugačne oblike stanovanjskih stavb. Rešitev je predstavljala gradnja v višino, ki je zavzemala manj prostora. Nastala je insula, večstanovanjska najemniška stavba, ki je bila zaznamovana s slabo gradnjo in slabimi bivalnimi razmerami. Na obrobjih mest so bogati meščani gradili počitniške vile, imenovane villa urbana, na podeželju pa samooskrbne villae rusticae. Najvišjo stopnjo stanovanjske kulture so predstavljale rimske palače. V diplomskem delu je predstavljena tudi gradbena tehnika Rimljanov. Rimljani so skladno s širjenjem svojega imperija na osvojenih območjih ustanavljali nova mesta, katerih glavna značilnost je bila pravokotna parcelacija. To novost so prinesli tudi na slovensko ozemlje. Odkriti sledovi rimske dobe tudi pri nas kažejo na raznolikost stanovanjske kulture, ki je bila pogojena s premoženjskim statusom lastnika.The graduation thesis entitled Housing in ancient Rome presents the Roman housing culture. In several centuries the Roman architecture developed different types of residential buildings. Modest housing from the period of the beginning of the Roman Empire is presented, which evolved by the Etruscan and Greek influence into an extremely comfortable atrium house, domus, which became a typical Roman home. The increase of Roman population and limited space inside the city walls forced the Romans to search for different types of residential buildings. The solution was building in height, which covered less space. The result of that was the insula, rental apartment building, which was marked by insufficient construction and terrible housing conditions. At the verge of the city the rich citizens built holiday villas, called villa urbana and in the rural areas self-subsistent villae rusticae. The highest level of housing culture was the Roman palace. In the graduation thesis the Roman building technique is also presented. Along with the spread of the Empire, the Romans created new cities in concurred areas and their main characteristics was rectangular land subdivision. This innovation was also brought to Slovene territory. The excavated traces of the Roman era in our country show the diversity of their housing culture, which was related to the financial status of the owner