MUSIC AND MUSIC INSTRUMENTS IN THE HISTORY OF THE ANCIENT ISRAEL

Diplomsko delo pod naslovom Glasba in glasbila v zgodovini starozaveznega Izraela opisuje položaj glasbe, vlogo glasbe in petja ter psalme in njihov zgodovinski kontekst. Da je razumevanje lažje, je v uvodnih poglavjih opisan nastanek in položaj glasbe v starem svetu. Stara zaveza je predstavljena v luči zgodovinskega vira, podan je kratek pregled zgodovine starega Izraela in Palestine od začetkov do leta 70 po Kr.. Glavni viri informacij se nahajajo v arheoloških ostankih in v zapisih v Stari zavezi. Medtem ko so še do nedavnega raziskovalci sramežljivo uporabljali zgolj zapise iz Stare zaveze, arheološki ostanki predstavljajo danes bistven vir informacij. Glasba je v zgodovini starozaveznega Izraela ves čas imela pomemben položaj ne glede na stopnjo razvitosti. Na relativno majhnem geografskem prostoru je bila dovzetna za vplive iz sosednjega Egipta in Mezopotamije, razvila pa je svoj slog. Petje in igranje na instrumente je spremljalo verske in tudi posvetne dogodke, najbolj pa se to kaže v vrsti različnih zapisov v zgodbi kraljev Savla in Davida. Tradicija prepevanje psalmov, ki so nastali v času Davida in po njegovi smrti, je še danes prisotna v posodobljeni obliki. Uporabljali so različne instrumente, najbolj je zagotovo poznana lira, na katero je igral David. Žal se iz tega obdobja zgodovine glasbe ni ohranilo toliko informacij, da bi jo lahko rekonstruirali v zvok.The graduation thesis describes position of music and singing and their role in the history of ancient Israel, as well as psalms in their historical context. Introductory chapters are dedicated to the origins and role of music in the ancient world. Furthermore, the Old Testament is presented as an important historical source, what forms a prelude to a short outline of the history of ancient Israel and Palestine from the beginnings till 70 AD. Main sources for my topic are archeological remains as well as the Old Testament texts. The latter were the only material used by scholars until recently, but nowadays archeological excavations form a major source. Music always played an important role in the history of Old Testament Israel, regardless its respective development grade. Developed in a relatively small geographic area, it was influenced by neighbouring cultures of Egypt and Mesopotamia, nevertheless maintaining its peculiar style. Singing and playing instruments accompanied religious and secular events, which is most visible in a series of different texts regarding the story of kings Saul and David. Tradition of singing psalms developed already in the David\u27s period and has lived till today after the king\u27s death in a modernized form. In ancient Israel, different instruments were used, of which lyre is most famous due to its connection with King David. Unfortunately, we don\u27t possess enough information from this period to be able to restore the music of ancient Israel into sound