PREVALENCE AND PREVENTION OF HIV IN SLOVENIA

V diplomski nalogi je opisano širjenje okužbe s HIV ter načini preprečevanja v Sloveniji. Namen diplomskega dela je bilo ugotoviti razširjenost okužbe s HIV od prve pojave pa vse do danes ter kako se v Republiki Sloveniji preprečuje nadaljnje širjenje. Pri pisanju diplomskega dela smo uporabili deskriptivno metodo dela. V strukturni obliki smo s pomočjo literature prikazali najnovejša spoznanja. Predstavili smo virus humane imunske pomanjkljivosti, načine širjenja ter razmnoževanja virusa, simptome, diagnosticiranje, testiranje ter zdravljenje okužbe s HIV. Predvsem smo se osredotočili na načine preprečevanja same okužbe s HIV v Sloveniji. Opisali smo postopke in načine preprečevanja okužbe preko spolnega stika, krvi in krvnih izdelkov ter iz matere na otroka. Spoznali smo, da okužba z virusom HIV še zmeraj predstavlja javnozdravstveno težavo, tako po svetu kot v Sloveniji. Čeprav je število okuženih s HIV v Sloveniji v primerjavi z drugimi državami relativno majhno, število okuženi še naprej raste. Tako kot po svetu predstavljajo tudi v Sloveniji moški, ki imajo spolne odnose z moškimi glavno rizično skupino. Leta 2009 je Republika Slovenija sprejela Strategijo preprečevanja in obvladovanja okužbe s HIV/AIDS 2010-2015, v kateri so opisani postopki ter priporočila o tem, kako preprečiti okužbe s HIV. Pomembno vlogo pri izvajanju teh postopkov in priporočil imajo pri nas vladne in nevladne organizacije.Diploma thesis discusses the spread of HIV and prevention methods used in Slovenia. The purpose of the diploma thesis was to determine the prevalence of HIV from the first detection of HIV to present day and how the Republic of Slovenia is preventing further spread of the virus. We used descriptive method to write the thesis. The latest findings were obtained while analysing the literature and are presented in structured form. We presented the human immunodeficiency virus, method of dissemination and propagation of the virus, symptoms, diagnosis, testing and treatment of HIV infections. In particular, we have focused on ways of preventing the HIV infection in Slovenia. We described the methods and procedures to prevent infection through sexual contact, blood and blood products and from mother to child. We have learned that HIV infection still represents a public health problem, both worldwide and in Slovenia. Compared to other countries the number of HIV infections in Slovenia is relatively small, but still rising. Worldwide as in Slovenia the main group at risk are men who have sexual contact with other men. In 2009, the Republic of Slovenia adopted the HIV Infection Prevention and Control Strategy for 2010-2015, which describes the procedures and recommendations on how to prevent HIV infection. Our governmental and non-governmental organizations play an important role in the implementation of these procedures and recommendations