USE OF ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SMALL DOMESTIC WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

V diplomski nalogi raziskujemo čiščenje odpadnih vod v malih komunalnih čistilnih napravah, ki so namenjene za čiščenje komunalnih odpadnih vod iz najmanjših virov onesnaženja, kot so enodružinske hiše ter manjši stanovanjski in poslovni objekti. Opisujemo testiranje učinkovitosti male komunalne čistilne naprave z oznako MKČN 6PE z nazivno obremenitvijo 6 populacijskih ekvivalentov. V teoretičnem delu diplomske naloge so predstavljene evropske smernice, ki urejujejo področje odpadnih voda in njihovo implementacijo v slovenski pravni sistem. Natančneje opisujemo zahteve standarda SIST EN 12566-3:2005+A1:2009 Male čistilne naprave do 50 PE – 3.del: Predizdelane in/ali na mestu postavitve sestavljene čistilne naprave za gospodinjske odplake (Standard), SBR tehnologijo čiščenja in princip čiščenja komunalne odpadne vode v čistilni napravi MKČN 6PE. V eksperimentalnem delu naloge opisujemo izvedbo testiranja čistilne naprave v pogojih, ki jih določa Standard (delovanje pri nazivni obremenitvi, podobremenitvi (50% nazivne), nazivni obremenitvi s 24 h izpadom elektrike in nadobremenitvi (150% nazivne), predstavljamo vzorčenje in meritve na terenu, rezultate laboratorijske analize parametrov onesnaženja ter izračun učinkovitosti delovanja MKČN. Izračun učinkovitosti čiščenja čistilne naprave podajamo za parametre neraztopljene snovi (NS), kemijska potreba po kisiku (KPK) in biokemijska potreba po kisiku (BPK5). MKČN 6PE je v vseh testiranih pogojih delovala ustrezno, merjeni parametri na iztoku iz čistilne naprave pa so bili usklajeni s predpisanimi mejnimi vrednostmi slovenske zakonodaje. Čistilna naprava je primerna za čiščenje komunalnih odpadnih vod iz najmanjših virov onesnaženja.The diploma thesis researches waste water treatment in small urban waste water treatment plants intended for the treatment of urban waste water from the smallest sources of pollution, such as single-family houses and small residential and business buildings. The thesis describes performance testing on a small urban waste water treatment plant with a nominal load of 6 population equivalents (6PE UWWTP). The theoretical part of the diploma thesis presents the European guidelines regulating waste water and their implementation in the Slovenian legal system. Furthermore, the requirements of the SIST EN 12566-3:2005+A1:2009 Small wastewater treatment systems for up to 50 PT – Part 3: Packaged and/or site assembled domestic wastewater treatment plants standard are described in detail, along with the principle of SBR cleaning technology and urban waste water treatment in the 6PE small WWTP. The experimental part of the thesis describes the implementation of treatment plant testing under the conditions laid down by the Standard (operations under nominal load, underload (50% of nominal load), nominal load with a 24 h power failure, and overload (150% of nominal load)), presenting the sampling and measurements performed on site, the results of the laboratory analysis of pollution parameters, and the calculation of the 6PE UWWTP performance. The calculation of treatment performance is provided for the suspended solids (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) parameters. The 6PE urban waste water treatment plant functioned properly under all tested conditions and the parameters measured at the effluent from the treatment plant were aligned with the limit values laid down by the Slovenian legislation. The treatment plant is suitable for the treatment of urban waste water from the smallest sources of pollution