Besedotvorna produktivnost slovenščine na primeru novotvorjenk s področja športa

Newly created words are a frequent topic of research in modern linguistics. The reason for this is that innovation processes in lexicon are a reflection of dynamic tendencies which occur as a consequence of modern communication requirements. This contribution focuses on the field of sports, using a corpus approach based on the Sketch Engine (SkE). It investigates formations in Slovene with low frequency (e.g. nogometoljubec, karatejka, sankijada). Based on their morphemic structure, it determines whether they are potential neologisms, which are created according to a productive pattern, or nonce formations, which are created according to individual patterns connected with specific text usage, and which as ad-hoc formations do not belong to the productive word-formational patterns. In light of these findings, the question of the combinations of domestic and foreign word-formational elements will be discussed, and consequently also the question of the hybridization of Slovene formations today. The corpus-based approach will enable us to determine whether the analysed material represents a word-formational core or periphery of the lexicon. In order to detect new lexical processes, it is necessary to investigate atypical word-formational processes which open up the creative potential of language. They testify to the dynamic nature of language and to its capability to respond to the different needs of different users in different circumstances.Raziskovanje novonastajajočih besed predstavlja aktualno področje sodobnega jezikoslovja, saj so inovacijski procesi v leksiki odsev dinamičnih teženj, ki jih narekujejo sodobne komunikacijske potrebe. Prispevek na primeru pomenskega polja šport s korpusnim pristopom v orodju SkE prikazuje tvorjenke z nizko frekvenco (npr. nogometoljubec, karatejka, sankijada) in na podlagi njihove morfemske strukture ugotavlja, ali gre za potencialne novotvorjenke, nastale po produktivnih vzorcih, ali za priložnostnice, tvorjene po individualnih vzorcih, vezanih na specifično besedilno rabo, zato pa poimenovalno fakultativne ter brez sistemotvorne možnosti. S tem bo nakazano vprašanje kombinatorike domačih in prevzetih tvorbenih prvin in vprašanje hibridizacije slovenskih tvorjenk danes. Uporabljeni korpusni pristop bo z analizo virov omogočal diagnosticirati, ali gradivo predstavlja besedotvornovzorčni jedrni ali periferni del leksike. Če hočemo detektirati nove leksikalne procese, se mora besedotvorje nujno zanimati za jezikovnosistemsko besedotvorno atipiko, ki v jezik prinaša novi tvorbeni nemir in ustvarjalni potencial, s katerim se dokazuje živost jezika ter njegova sposobnost odzivanja na različne potrebe različnih uporabnikov v različnih okoliščinah