NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION, CAUSED BY THE BACTERIUM CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE AND MEASURES TO PREVENT TRANSMISSION

Bolnišnične okužbe, povzročene z bakterijo Clostridium difficile, predstavljajo po vsej Evropi pomemben javnozdravstveni problem. Zdravljenje z antibiotiki poruši ravnotežje v sestavi normalne črevesne flore, kar povzroči kolonizacijo bakterije. Okužba s Clostridium difficile je pogost pojav v bolnišničnem okolju, vendar lahko z ustreznimi ukrepi preprečimo prenos in širjenje bakterije. Namen diplomskega dela je ugotoviti doslednost zdravstvenega osebja pri izvajanju ukrepov za preprečevanje prenosa bakterije Clostridium difficile. V raziskovalnem delu smo uporabili kvantitativno raziskovanje. Raziskovalni instrument je bil anketni vprašalnik. V eni izmed bolnišnic severovzhodne Slovenije smo anketirali zdravstveno osebje vseh starostnih skupin, ki prihaja v stik z okuženimi pacienti. Dobljene kvantitativne podatke smo analizirali in jih prikazali v deležih. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da zdravstveni delavci v veliki meri poznajo ukrepe za preprečevanje prenosa in pri svojem delu ravnajo v skladu z njimi ter so dobro seznanjeni z načini prenosa okužbe. Pri umivanju in razkuževanju rok so dosledni, prav tako so dobro seznanjeni z uporabo zaščitnih rokavic. Uporabljajo vrsto zaščitnih sredstev pred okužbo z bakterijo Clostridium difficile, vendar, je njihova doslednost glede uporabe zaščitnega plašča pomanjkljiva. Preprečevanje širjenja bolnišničnih okužb zahteva visoko raven znanja vseh zaposlenih v zdravstvu. Dosledno je potrebno upoštevati predpisana navodila in izvajati ukrepe za preprečevanje bolnišničnih okužb. Z znanjem, premišljenim ravnanjem, nadzorom in dobro organizacijo dela bomo dosegli zelo dobre rezultate.Nosocomial infections caused by the bacteria Clostridium difficile, representing over Europe an important public health problem. Treatment with antibiotics can destabilize the composition of the normal intestinal flora, resulting in colonization of the bacteria. Infection with Clostridium difficile is a common phenomenon in the hospital setting, but we can take appropriate measures to prevent the transmission and spread of bacteria. The purpose of the thesis is to determine the consistency of health care workers in the implementation of appropriate measures to prevent transmission of Clostridium difficile. In the research, we used quantitative research. The research instrument was a questionnare. In one of the hospitals of north-eastern Slovenia region. We surveyed healthcare professionals of all ages who come into contact with infected patients. The resulting quantitative data were analyzed and presented in the shares. The results showed that health care workers largely have measures to prevent the transmission and use these measures in workplace. They are also well acquainted with the ways of Clostridium difficile transmission. They show good consistency in washing and disinfecting hands, they are also familiar with the use of protective gloves, use a variety of means of protection against infection with the bacterium Clostridium difficile, however, is their consistency with regard to the application of the protective coat is insufficient. Preventing the spread of nosocomial infections requires a high level of knowledge of all health care professionals. It is important to take into account adequate instructions and implement measures to prevent hospital infections. With knowledge, sound practices, supervision and good organization of work, we will achieve very good results