ILO CONVENTIONS ON FORCED LABOUR IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD

Prisilno delo je antiteza dostojnega dela, za katerega se zavzema MOD. Za 21 milijonov ljudi to ni samo bled spomin iz preteklosti, ampak težka realnost še danes. Mednarodni delovni standardi, ki jih oblikuje MOD, predstavljajo temeljne minimalne socialne standarde, dogovorjene s strani glavnih udeležencev v svetovnem gospodarstvu. Z njimi si MOD prizadeva doseči dostojne delovne pogoje, saj je v današnjem svetu globalizacije za doseganje teh ciljev potrebno ukrepanje na mednarodni ravni. Države v razvoju so ustanovile izvozno predelovalne cone zaradi presežka nekvalificirane delovne sile in podpiranja izvozno usmerjene proizvodnje kot temelja gospodarskega razvoja. Med seboj tekmujejo za tuje investicije, ki jih privabljajo z različnimi finančnimi spodbudami in ohlapnimi delovnopravnimi pravili. Takšni konkurenčni pritiski imajo lahko negativen vpliv na pogoje dela, kar je v primeru izvozno predelovalnih con, tudi zaradi deregulacije, privedlo do hudega izkoriščanje delavcev. Vendar ni vsako izkoriščanje tudi prisilno delo v skladu s pravno definicijo pojma. Črto, ki loči slabe delovne pogoje od prisilnega dela, je zelo težko razločiti. Tudi po mnenju odbora izvedencev za uporabo konvencij in priporočil (v nadaljevanju CEACR), pa nekatere prakse in delovni pogoji v conah izpolnjujejo predpostavke, določene s konvencijami MOD, in jih lahko označimo kot prisilno delo.Forced labor is the antithesis of decent work, as advocated by the ILO. For 21 million people it is not only a fading memory of the past but a tough reality. International labor standards established by the ILO, constitute the basic minimum social standards agreed upon by the major participants in the global economy. With them, ILO seeks to achieve decent working conditions. In the world of globalization in order to achieve these goals an action at international level is required. Developing countries have established export processing zones due to the surplus of unskilled labor and to support export-oriented production as a cornerstone of economic development. Countries compete with each other for foreign investment, which they try to attract with various financial incentives and lax labor law. Such competitive pressures can have an adverse impact on working conditions. In the case of export processing zones, also as a result of deregulation, it has grown into a serious exploitation of workers. However, not every exploitation is forced labor in accordance with the legal definition of the term. The line that separates poor working conditions from forced labor is very difficult to distinguish. According to the Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations (CEACR), certain practices and working conditions in the zones can meet the assumptions set out in ILO Conventions and can be therefore defined as forced labor