Astronomy through the prism of teaching in the year 4 of primary school - Our solar system

Diplomska naloga »Astronomija skozi prizmo poučevanja v 4. razredu osnovne šole - Naše osončje« je sestavljena iz dveh med seboj povezujočih se delov – teoretičnega in praktičnega. V teoretičnem delu je predstavljeno naravoslovje in njegov razvoj od začetka do danes. Posebej je izpostavljena astronomija v osnovni šoli. S stališča astronomije je pregledan učni načrt za naravoslovje in tehniko (2011). Ugotovljeno je, da v njem astronomija kljub aktualnosti ni posebej prisotna. Praktični del vsebuje natančno učno pripravo, potek dela in evalvacijo učno ure Naše osončje, ki je bila izpeljana v 4. b razredu Osnovne šole Kamnica. Ugotavljamo, da učna vsebina učence zelo zanima. Kljub temu, da snov ni povsem zajeta v učnem načrtu do četrtega razreda, vedo o njej presenetljivo veliko in se o astronomiji samoiniciativno izobražujejo tudi v prostem času. Sklenemo lahko, da se metoda dela prikazovanja planetov z različnimi sadeži dobro obnese, saj si lahko učenci zelo nazorno predstavljajo velikostna razmerja planetov v Osončju.The thesis "Astronomy through the prism of teaching in the year 4 of primary school - Our solar system" is comprised of two mutually connected and intertwined parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part presents the science and its development from the beginning until today, with a special regard to astronomy in primary schools. Therefore the curriculum for science and technology (2011) is reviewed from the viewpoint of astronomy. In spite of the actuality astronomy is not particularly present in the curriculum. The practical part contains precise teaching preparation, workflow and evaluation of a lesson Our solar system, which was carried out in the class 4. b of Osnovna Šola Kamnica primary school. The pupils found the content very interesting. Despite the fact that the topic is not particularly covered in the curriculum of fourth year, the pupils’ knowledge of it is surprisingly large and it seems they study astronomy basics in their spare time, on their own initiative. We can conclude that the method showing the planets with different fruit models works well because this way the magnitude relationship of the planets in the Solar System is presented in a simple and clear manner