Granted ability in litigation by analysis of the jurisprudence

Civilni pravdni postopek temelji na sistemu dveh strank – tožnika in toženca. Stranka je tista, ki od sodišča zahteva pravno varstvo določene vsebine, ter tista, proti kateri se zahteva pravno varstvo. Za stranko so pomembne tri sposobnosti, in sicer sposobnost biti stranka, to je sposobnost biti nosilec pravic in obveznosti v pravdnem postopku, pravdna ali procesna sposobnost, ki je sposobnost veljavno in samostojno oblikovati procesna dejanja, in postulacijska sposobnost, ki je sposobnost dati lastnim procesnim dejanjem pravno relevantno obliko. Sodišče jih upošteva po uradni dolžnosti. Kršitev njihovih pravnih pravil pa pomeni absolutno bistveno kršitev določb pravdnega postopka. Poudarek diplomskega dela je na proučevanju sodne prakse, in sicer kdaj sodišče podeli sposobnost biti stranka, torej katere okoliščine so pomembne za podelitev sposobnosti, podelitev na aktivni in pasivni strani ter katerim oblikam združevanja sodišče največkrat podeli sposobnost biti stranka. Sposobnost biti stranka je podobna pravni sposobnosti, vendar širši pojem. Zakon o pravdnem postopku v drugem odstavku 76. člena določa, da se s posebnimi predpisi določi, kdo je še lahko pravdna stranka zraven fizičnih in pravnih oseb. V istem členu v tretjem odstavku pa določa, da sme pravdno sodišče izjemoma s pravnim učinkom v določeni pravdi priznati lastnost stranke tistim oblikam združevanja, ki nimajo sposobnosti biti stranka po prvem in drugem odstavku istega člena, če ugotovi, da glede na sporno zadevo v bistvu izpolnjujejo glavne pogoje za pridobitev sposobnosti biti stranka, zlasti če imajo premoženje, na katerega je mogoče seči z izvršbo. Pristop sodišča mora biti v tem primeru restriktiven. Podelitev sposobnosti biti stranka je namenjena oblikam združevanja ljudi in premoženja, ki nimajo ločene subjektivitete od svojih članov, njen namen pa je olajšati sodno varstvo v primerih, ko bi na aktivni ali pasivni strani moralo nastopati več oseb, pa te niso znane ali ne želijo sodelovati.Civil litigation is based on a system of two clients - the plaintiff and the defendant. The client is the person that requires from the court the legal protection of a defined content, as well as the person against whom legal protection is required. For the party there are three important skills to have: the capacity to be a party, that is the capacity to be a holder of rights and obligations in the litigation, civil or processing capacity is the ability to formulate effectively and independently procedural acts and the ability of postulation is the ability to give to one’s own procedural acts a legally relevant shape. The Court takes them into account of its own official motion. The violation of their rules of law means an absolutely essential violation of the litigation provisions. The focus of the thesis is the study of case-law, when does the Court grant the ability to be a party, that is what circumstances are relevant to the granting of abilities, to grant the active and the passive side and to which forms of association has the Court granted the capacity to be a party. The ability to be a party is similar to legal capacity, but broader. The Code of Civil Procedure provides in the second paragraph of Article 76 that specific rules which determine who can be a litigant party besides natural and legal persons. In the same article, the third paragraph states that the Civil Court by way of exception can, with the legal effect of a certain litigation, recognize the characteristics of a party to those forms of association which do not have the capacity to be a party according to the first and second paragraph of the same Article, if it finds that regardless of the matter at issue in the basically meet the main conditions for acquisition of the capacity to be a party, especially if they have a property to which it is possible to reach in the execution. The approach of the Court in this case must be restrictive. Awarding the capacity to be a party is dedicated to forms of association of people and property, which have no separate subjectivity from their members and its purpose is to facilitate the administration of justice in cases where the active or passive side should speak with more people but they are whether not known or they do not wish to participate