COMPARISON OF SLOVENIAN AND MACEDONIAN INSURANCE MARKET

Namen diplomskega seminarja je primerjati okoliščine, v katerih delujeta zavarovalna trga v Sloveniji in Makedoniji. Glavni kazalniki za oceno razvoja zavarovalnega trga so ekonomski, družbeni in politični vplivi v državi. V zadnjih letih narašča število sklenjenih življenjskih zavarovanj. Življenjska zavarovanja so pokazatelj visoke stopnje razvitosti trga. Slovenija in Makedonija sta bili del nekdanje Jugoslavije, kar pomeni, da je bil razvoj zavarovalništva do razpada države enak. Zavarovalništvo ima v sleherni državi velik vpliv na razvoj gospodarstva, posebno zaradi svoje socialne funkcije. Evropske države se v zadnjem času srečujejo s finančno krizo. Finančna kriza vpliva na vse gospodarske panoge, tudi na zavarovalni sektor. Vendar je stanje na obeh zavarovalnih trgov sorazmerno stabilno. Pomemben dejavnik je velikost obeh držav, saj sta v primerjavi z drugimi evropskimi državami majhni. Velikost območja je pomembna za zavarovalništvo, saj zavarovalnice poslujejo po t. i. zakonu velikih števil. Zavarovalnica si izračuna verjetnost nastanka škodnega dogodka in pri tem sklene čim več zavarovalniških pogodb. Uspešnost poslovanja zavarovalnice ocenimo z bruto obračunano premijo v nekem obdobju ter bruto izplačano škodo oziroma zavarovalnino. Slovenija je leta 2004 postala članica Evropske unije, Makedonija to še ni. Ker je Slovenija na politični ravni uspešnejša kot Makedonija, lahko sklepamo da je tudi slovenski zavarovalni trg uspešnejši. Z gospodarskega vidika je Slovenija prav tako razvitejša od Makedonije. Življenjski standard oziroma povprečna plača v Sloveniji je višja v primerjavi z Makedonijo. Kjub finančni krizi in zadolženosti obeh držav sta njuna zavarovalna trga sorazmerno stabilna. V primerjavi z razvitimi državami obe primerjani državi zaostajata v razvoju, kar je logično, saj sta obe državi precej mladi.The main objective in this diploma seminar paper is to make a comparison between Slovenian and Macedonian insurance markets. Main indicators who help us define how much an insurance market is developed are economic, political and social impacts in the country. In the past few years the number of life insurance policies has increased. Life insurance policies represent a high level of development in the insurance market. Slovenia and Macedonia were both part of Jugoslavija. Jugoslavija is a country that no longer exists, yet the development of the two insurance markets was similar when the countries were in the same system. In every country insurance has a big influence on the economic development, because it operates social function. These days every European country is faced with financial crises. Financial crises has an impact on every field in the industry, therefor on the insurance market too. Despite this situation, the two insurance markets are financially stable. It is important that both countries are small, compared with the other European countries. The size of a country’s territory is important in insurance, because insurance companies work by the law of big numbers. Insurance companies calculate the probability that a certain harmful event will happen in the future, then they make insurance contracts as much as possible. The performance of how an insurance company operates is calculated with gross premium written and gross premium paid during a given period. Slovenia became part of the European Union in 2004, on the other hand Macedonia is not a part of the Union yet. Because Slovenia is more successful from a political aspect than Macedonia we can say that also the insurance market of Slovenia is more successful than Macedonian. From economic aspect Slovenia is also more developed. The standard of living or the average wage in Slovenia is higher than in Macedonia. Despite the financial crises and the public debt that the two countries are faced with, their insurance markets are quite stable. In comparison with the other developed European countries these two countries are lagging behind economically. However Slovenia is more developed as a country than Macedonia. This makes sense because both countries are quite young