The treatment and transportation of municipal sludge for incineration in power plants

Diplomsko delo prikazuje potek priprave komunalnega mulja za sežig v energetskih objektih. Opisani so postopki priprave komunalnega mulja, ki jih uporabljamo pred samim sežigom oziroma so-sežigom. Prav tako smo analizirali kapaciteto in karakteristike komunalnega mulja v zadnjih letih v Sloveniji. Preučili smo, katere črpalke se uporabljajo za transport mulja in kakšne so njihove lastnosti. Pri transportu mulja prihaja do linijskih izgub, med katerimi so najpomembnejše predvsem izgube, ki nastanejo zaradi trenja. V diplomskem delu so navedeni postopki za določitev koeficienta trenja, s pomočjo katerega lahko izračunamo tlačne izgube. Prav tako so navedene metode za določitev energijskih izgub in aplikacije reologije za določitev le-teh. Opisane so karakteristike cevovodov, ki jih uporabljamo za črpanje komunalnega mulja. Preučili smo vpliv aditivov na zmanjšanje trenja v ceveh. Ugotovili smo, da lahko za zmanjšanje trenja uporabljamo tako različne polimere, kot tudi nekatere površinsko aktivne snovi.The Bachelor thesis presents the preparation of sewage sludge for combustion purposes. The methods of sewage sludge pre-treatment, before it enters combustion unit are described in this thesis. Furthermore, the sludge production rate and characteristics in Slovenia are also considered and briefly described. Nonetheless, the commercially available pumps for sludge transportation are evaluated together with their operational characteristics. During the sewage sludge transport linear loses regularly occur, especially ones influenced by frictional forces. The thesis also include the methods for determination of frictional coefficients, which are further used for calculation of pressure losses. At the second part of the thesis, the methods for energy losses evaluation together with rheology aspects are taken into consideration. The characteristics of regular pipelines, used for transportation of sewage sludge, are considered and briefly explained. The influence of additives on frictional loses is also evaluated. It can be concluded that surface active additives can be used for frictional losses decreases, and also different types of polymers are used