Recognition of violence against children

V diplomskem delu predstavljamo oblike nasilja in vrste vzgojnih ukrepov. V empiričnem delu ugotavljamo ali ljudje v Republiki Sloveniji ločijo med nasiljem in vzgojnim ukrepom. Namen oziroma cilj raziskave je ugotovili v kolikšni meri ljudje prepoznajo nasilje nad otroki, oziroma ga ločijo od vzgojnega ukrepa. Otroci so žrtve nasilja v vseh družbenih slojih in skupinah. Oblike nasilja nad otroki se nikoli ne pojavljajo posamezno, ampak se med seboj prepletajo. Psihično nasilje je prisotno v vseh oblikah nasilja nad otroki, posledice te oblike nasilja pa lahko pustijo trajne posledice. Psihično nasilje lahko otrok doživlja tudi kadar se nasilje ne izvaja neposredno nanj, ampak doživlja nasilje že če opazuje, da nekdo pretepa osebo, ki jo ima rad. Otroci, ki so žrtve zlorabljanja kažejo znake, ki zaradi pomanjkanja razumevanja in znanja dostikrat niso prepoznani kot znaki nasilja. Pred leti je v naši družbi veljalo, da je telesno kaznovanje otrok kot vzgojni ukrep pravica in dolžnost odraslih. Vendar vsak vzgojni ukrep, ki temelji na fizičnem ali psihičnem nasilju, pušča na otroku negativne posledice in slabo vpliva na njegov osebni razvoj. Otroci, ki so vzgajani z vzgojnimi ukrepi, katerim je osnova telesno kaznovanje, pogosto odrastejo v nesamozavestne odrasle osebe. Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da ljudje ne prepoznajo nasilja nad otroki v celoti. Kadar gre za kaznovanje otrok z zaušnico ali za udarce po zadnji plati s strani enega izmed staršev, jih večina prepozna vzgojni ukrep. Ljudje v večini menijo, da je zaušnica neprimeren vzgojni ukrep, udarci po zadnji plati pa primeren. V primerih fizičnega nasilja so anketiranci prepoznali tudi psihično nasilje v 24 %. Prav tako so prepoznali psihično nasilje v primerih spolnega nasilja in sicer v 33 %, prepoznali so tudi fizično nasilje v 10,5 %. V primeru, kjer je se psihično nasilje izvajajo neposredno na otroka, so prepoznali le tega v 99 %.In our thesis we present forms of violence and types of educational measures. In the empirical part, we will find out if people in Slovenia know the difference between violence and educational measures. Our purpose is to find out in what degree people recognize violence against children and how they distinguish violence from educational measure. Children are victims in all social classes and groups. Forms of violence against children never occur individually, but are intertwined with each other. Psychological violence is present in all forms of violence against children and the consequences of violence can be permanent. A child can experience physical violence even when the violence is not being carried directly above him but he experiences violence also when a person he loves is hurt. Children who are victims of violence show signs that are often not recognized as signs of violence because of the lack of understanding and knowledge of violence. Through history our society considered physical punishment as an educational measure, the right and the duty of parents. But every educational measure based on physical and mental violence leaves negative consequences in the child and has a very bad impact on his/her personal development. Children that are raised with educational measures that are based on physical violence often grow up in diffident adults. Results of the survey show that people do not recognize violence against children in its entirety. When it comes to punishing a child with a slap or by hitting a child on the backside by one of the parents, most of them recognize this as an educational measure. Most people think that a slap is inappropriate while hitting a child on the backside is believed to be an appropriate educational measure. In cases of physical violence, respondents recognize psychological violence in 24 %. They recognize psychological violence in cases of sexual violence (33 %) and they also recognize physical violence in 10, 5 %. In the case where psychological violence is carried out directly on the child, was identified in 99 %