MIGRATIONS, FORCED LABOUR AND EXPLOITATION OF MACEDONIAN WORKERS IN SLOVENIA

V diplomski nalogi bomo skušali opisati stanje na področju držav bivše Jugoslavije, predvsem v Republiki Makedoniji, s tem povezane migracije v Slovenijo, ki so potekale zadnjih dvajset let ter različne načine izkoriščanja makedonskih delavcev na področju podjetništva. Sprva bomo opredelili ključne pojme na področju migracij ter predstavili njihovo delitev. V nadaljevanju bomo podrobno predstavili imigracijsko politiko v Republiki Sloveniji ter z njo povezane postopke, na podlagi katerih država omogoča začasno ali sezonsko zaposlitev tujih delavcev. Ob tem bomo predstavili tudi pogoje za vstop in bivanje v Sloveniji, ki jih morajo izpolnjevati tuji državljani. Zanimalo nas bo, kakšno vlogo ima predpisana imigracijska politika pri izkoriščanju. Dodatno pozornost bomo namenili vrstam zaposlovanja ter različnim načinom izkoriščanja tujih delavcev. Pri tem nas bodo zanimale predvsem njihove življenjske razmere, (ne)plačevanje rednega dela, nadur, prispevkov in zagotavljanje drugih zakonsko določenih pravic (regres, dopust in bolniška) ter druge oblike nasilja, ki ga delodajalci izvajajo nad tujimi, predvsem makedonskimi delavci. Zanimalo nas bo, kakšne so posledice kršitev njihovih pravic zanje. V empiričnem delu naloge bomo opravili nekaj intervjujev z Makedonci, ki opravljajo delo v Sloveniji. Pri tem bomo ugotavljali, v kolikšni meri so dejansko kršene njihove pravice ter na kakšen način jih delodajalci izkoriščajo.The main goal of the thesis will be describing the prevailing situation on the territory of the former Yugoslav republics, specifically in the Republic of Macedonia, migration processes in Slovenia as a result, that occurred in the last twenty years and also the different ways of exploitation of the Macedonian workers in the field of enterprise. At the beginning we will define the main concepts in the area of migrations and we will present their division. Alongside we would like to present the immigration politics in the Republic of Slovenia and the procedures in connection to those migrations on which basis the state enables temporary or permanent employment of foreign workers. In the same time we will present the conditions the foreign workers must meet so that they could enter and stay in the country. We will pay special attention to the role that the implemented immigration politics have in the process of exploitation. Additionally we will put our interest in the types of employment and also in the different exploitation ways imposed on foreign workers. In a connection to that we will be concentrating on the way the exploitation of foreign workers is done in regard to the living conditions, (un) regular work, unpaid overtime work, welfare payments and the ensure implementation of other rights set by law (subsidy, vacation and sickness benefit) and also all other kinds of violence that was implemented from the employers on the employees, especially on the Macedonian employees. We are interested in finding out what are the consequences of the violation the low for them. In the empirical part of the theses we will conduct interviews with Macedonians that are currently working in Slovenia. We will try to establish how the severity to which they are exposed in violating their rights and in the same time what were the ways in which their employers are exploiting them