Connection between Eysenck\u27s personality traits and memory recall

Namen raziskave je bil ugotoviti stopnjo povezanosti med osebnostnimi potezami in količino ter točnostjo spominskega priklica, kar bi omogočilo oblikovanje modela za napovedovanje verodostojnosti pričanja očividcev kaznivih dejanj. Raziskovalne hipoteze temeljijo na dosedanjih raziskovalnih in teoretičnih pričakovanjih: visok nevroticizem, psihoticizem in visoka introvertnost so povezani z manjšo točnostjo in količino spominske obnove. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 280 študentov, starih od 18 do 21 let. Po uporabi osebnostnega vprašalnika EPQ-R so si udeleženci ogledali posnetek telesnega napada na žensko, ki se je končal z ropom. Po sedmih dnevih sem s čeklisto ugotavljal točnost in količino spominske obnove. Ugotovil sem, da psihoticizem ni povezan s točnostjo in količino spominske obnove. Ekstravertnost pri moških ne korelira z merjenimi značilnostmi spominske obnove, pri ženskah pa je pozitivno povezana le s količino spominske obnove. Visok nevroticizem je pri ženskah povezan z manj točno in količinsko siromašnejšo obnovo. Pri moških je visok nevroticizem povezan le z manjšo količino obnovljenih podatkov. Kaže, da lahko pri ekstravertnih ženskah pričakujemo večjo količino spontano navedenih informacij o dogodku, pri tem ni upravičeno pričakovati bolj točne spominske obnove. Dobljeni korelacijski koeficienti so nizki in sklepam, da uporabnega modela za napovedovanje verodostojnosti pričanja ni mogoče izoblikovati. Šibkost raziskave je manjša reprezentativnost vzorca, saj je povprečna vrednost osebnostne poteze ekstravertnost nižja od normativnih vrednosti. Ugotovitve raziskave so pomembne za učinkovitejše presojanje verodostojnosti pričanja očividcev, prispevajo pa tudi k razjasnitvi odnosov med osebnostnimi potezami in spominsko obnovo. Prednost raziskave je v višji ekološki veljavnosti, saj je izvedena na način, ki posnema dogajanje v resničnosti.The research examines the efficiency of episodic memory in the context of eyewitness memory. The purpose of the research was to ascertain the connection between personality traits and memory recall, what may allow us to form a model of reliability prediction of eyewitness testimony. It was hypothesized that high neuroticism, psychoticism and high introversion are connected with low accuracy and quantity of memory recall. Participants were undergraduate students (N = 280) between the ages of 18 and 21. Personality traits were measured by Eysencks\u27 Personality Questionnaire (EPQ). After the application of questionnaire a video about a robbery assault on a female was shown. Seven days later the accuracy and quantity of memory recall were tested with an extensive checklist. It was established that extraversion is not correlated with memory recall in men, while in females a positive correlation was found. Among females, high neuroticism was correlated negatively with the accuracy and quantity of memory recall, and in men only a negative correlation with quantity of memory recall was found. All correlation coefficients were weak, therefore it was impossible to form an applicable model of reliability prediction of eyewitness testimony. The main weakness of the research presented was the sample anomaly, which was evident in noticeable deviation in the average level of extraversion when it was compared with the expected standard for the Slovenian population