CRIMINAL ACTS, WHICH CAN BE CAUSED BY PUBLIC EMPLOYEES AND OFFICIALS

Diplomsko delo podrobneje predstavlja kriminaliteto v javnem sektorju in kazniva dejanja, ki jih lahko storijo javni uslužbenci in uradne osebe, ter kdo so slednji. Dodani so primeri kaznivih dejanj in njihova statistika v Sloveniji. S kaznivimi dejanji javnih uslužbencev in uradnih oseb se v današnjem času kar pogosto srečujemo, jih pa institucije in organi, kot so Komisija za preprečevanje korupcije, policija, tožilstvo, sodišče, Urad RS za preprečevanje pranja denarja, Finančna uprava RS in inšpekcijske službe, zelo dobro zaznavajo, rešujejo in zmanjšujejo njihove pojave. V literaturi je zaslediti, da je najbolj razširjeno kaznivo dejanje podkupovanje. Ta podkupovanja se pojavljajo v različnih oblikah, ki so usmerjena v različne koristi. Jemanje podkupnin uradnih oseb je tudi najbolj koruptivno dejanje. Vzroki, ki pripeljejo do kaznivih dejanj, so skoraj vedno želja po izboljšanju socialnega položaja. Kazniva dejanja javnih uslužbencev oziroma koruptivnost se kaže tudi v javnih naročilih, zato je zakonodajalec sprejel natančne postopke, ki jih je opredelil v Zakonu o javnih naročilih. Kljub sprejetju tega zakona pa še vedno obstaja možnost korupcije v fazah javnega naročanja. V diplomski nalogi so obravnavana kazniva dejanja javnih uslužbencev, ki so določena v Kazenskem zakoniku (KZ-1) v Kazniva dejanja zoper uradno dolžnost, javna pooblastila in javna sredstva. Problem kaznivih dejanj javnih uslužbencev in uradnih oseb je resen tudi zato, ker uničuje zaupanje ostalih ljudi v pravičnost in učinkovitost pravnega sistema.This thesis attempts to look into crime in the Public Sector, in particular into possible criminal offences which could be done by civil servants and where public officers could commit the offences. There is an added case of a criminal offence and the statistics of such crime in Slovenia. In recent times we have often come across criminal offence committed by civil servants and other officials. However, institutions and authorities such as the Commission for Prevention of Corruption, the police, prosecution, courts, the Office for Prevention of Money Laundering, the Slovenian Financial Office and inspection service perceive, resolve and reduce their occurrence very well. According to the literature I have studied, the most commonly used form of crime is bribery. Bribery can occur in various forms, which are oriented to a variety of benefits. Public officers taking bribes is also among the most corrupt activity taking place. The most common reasons which may lead to such crimes are almost always the desire to increase one’s social status. Criminal offences of civil servants, i.e. corruption, is noticeable in public procurements, therefore legislature has adopted very detailed procedures, which are defined in the Public Procurement Act. Nevertheless, there is still the possibility of corruption in different phases of public procurements. In this thesis one can find criminal offences which are listed in ‘KZ – 1’ in the chapter “Criminal Offence Against Official Duty, Public Authority and Public Funds.” Last but not least, the problem of criminal offences by civil servants is serious also because it destroys the trust of other people into both the equity and efficiency of the legal system